Evaluation Of A Checklist Assessment - 1538 Words

Assessments play an important role in language development. Assessments allow teachers to become aware of children’s language competencies by using a variety of assessments, forms, and documentation to assess the child’s language. Assessments also play an important role in helping to diagnose and document developmental delays and specific language disorders. Assessments help teachers to plan appropriate learning activities, to respond to accountability concerns, and engage in periodic and on-going assessments. Purpose of Checklist â€Å"Checklists are composed of lists of characteristics or behaviors that are the focus of an observation† (Otto, 2014, p. 339). The purpose of a checklist assessment is to keep track of behaviors and developmental competencies. A checklist should note a child’s behavior that would be directly related to target characteristics by documenting your observations. A checklist also helps teachers to document a child’s early means of communicating. It is important to write down criteria or evidence that a student is and can demonstrate the outcome. Purpose of an Anecdotal Record â€Å"An anecdotal record is generally written in a narrative format, providing a descriptive account of language-related behaviors during a specified time† (Otto, 2014, p. 345). Anecdotal records focus more on general areas of language competency like vocabulary. Anecdotal records are open- ended and they are less structured. Anecdotal records are an effective way for teachers toShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Future Elementary Educator1361 Words   |  6 Pageselementary educator, I know that there are various methods for assessing students. In my opinion, assessment should vary depending on the age group being assessed. Students throughout elementary school learn in different ways and develop different levels of thinking as their learning progresses. A kindergarten student does not learn material in the same manner as a fifth grader; therefore, assessments should fit the objectives and goals of the students and also project their level of thi nking andRead MoreEvaluation And Explain The Four Stages Of The Assessment Process1486 Words   |  6 Pagesto define â€Å"evaluation† and explain the four stages of the assessment process. Evaluations are a critical part of the learning process. Assessments not only evaluates the students’, but also the teacher since they are able to evaluate their own techniques and skills. The first thing addressed in the reading is an explanation of the difference between an â€Å"evaluation† and an â€Å"assessment†. Tenbrink (2015) describes the four stages of the evaluation process. The first step in the evaluation process isRead MoreEnglish Language Development Lesson Plan1494 Words   |  6 PagesESL Textbook Evaluation According to the English Language Development lesson plan (ELD), learning or developing English is the main objective, and it asserts that content can only be learned when one has developed their English language by use of rich content through grade-appropriate text. In addition, through this plan teachers usually teach the English language as a second language through a system that is differentiated according to English language development levels. In setting up a criteriaRead MoreChildren With Suspected Childhood Apraxia Of Speech1224 Words   |  5 Pagesof disorder. In some other cases, it can be an unknown cause, meaning it can happen out of the blue, or by mutations. One of the articles is based off of reliability and validity testing and scoring by the Dynamic Evaluation of Motor Speech Skills, while the other has different assessments that were tested and transcribed. First Summary of Article One In the article, â€Å"Differential Diagnosis of Children with Suspected Childhood Apraxia of Speech†, the authors describe the signs of a child having ChildhoodRead MoreEvaluating Internal Controls980 Words   |  4 PagesChecklist for Evaluating Internal Controls ACC/544 April 29, 2013 Christine Errico Checklist for Evaluating Internal Controls Internal controls are methods a company implements to safeguard and protect the company in its day-to-day operations as well as its financial information. To ensure these controls are effective and performing properly a company must evaluate these controls. In performing this evaluation a company should use the three phases of the control evaluation. These phasesRead MoreEvaluation Of A Program Evaluation994 Words   |  4 PagesProgram Evaluation Time-Out is the title for the proposed program, providing prevention and solution-based services to African American high school student-athletes in Hampton, Virginia (Baskerville, 2015). To begin with, this paper will provide a comprehensive program evaluation model for the program. Secondly, it will outline the evaluation framework the program will use to evaluate the program. Next, the paper will provide a timeline detailing when critical evolution task for the program willRead MorePros and Cons of Assessments1486 Words   |  6 PagesPros and Cons of Assessment Assessments are an everyday occurrence in classrooms around the world. There are many different types of assessments, which generally fall into formal and informal. There are advantages and disadvantages to both. The major importance is selecting the right assessment. It is up to the teacher to decide what information is needed and how that information is collected. Formal Assessments Formal assessments are a way of observing and recording information in a highlyRead MoreAnalysis of the Performance Management System1469 Words   |  6 Pagesapparently has not explored other current performance appraisal methods for its employees. It might have been a good idea to try and test alternative and new methods of performance evaluation such as self-performance assessment and others which will be discussed at a later stage in my presentation. The former (self-performance assessment) has been used and applied successfully in my organization for which I am working and has yielded good results and enhanced employee performance as well as employee – employerRead MoreIncreasing Utilization Of Mental Health And Health Services777 Words   |  4 Pagesnumber that take advantage of the services, and records of attendance sheets for preventive workshops. Maintaining confidentiality between the CBO partners and the families that benefit from their services will be of utmo st importance during the evaluation period. Personal information will not be revealed, nor any other information that could, in any way, be considered a breach of confidentiality. The post-treatment method consist of a focus group that will be conducted with parents and studentsRead MoreStudent Achievement Assessment Essay563 Words   |  3 Pages(2000) stated checklist is appropriate choice for evaluating when the information is limited to the determination of whether specific criteria have been met. The checklist is used for diagnostic and is able to chart student’s progress. Many marking criteria can be subjective, however the marking criteria is not seen in this way as decisions are seen as definite (Dart and Boulton-Lewis 1998). There are a number of different types of checklists such as behaviour checklist, product checklist, and procedural

Women s Rights For Disabled Women Essay - 750 Words

(ii) From MacMurchy to Galton, sterilisation to technological innovations, rights for women to rights for disabled women , the stigmatisation of disabled families has long been a complex of systemic alienation and destruction: mental defect is the chief cause of immorality and venereal discourse (Dr. MacMurchy 1910) . Disabled families are viewed in quantitative measures of lack and qualitative markers of excess in the notion of sexual citizenship. The establishment of new exclusionary normative caught up in an inappropriate neo-liberal agenda (Shildrick 2014, 135). Corrective discourses dominate discursive approaches to directing the disabled family agency towards normative measures of ability, competence, and capacity. Fundamentally a heterosexist framework (135), nebulous family models consist of able-bodied ideality demarcating socio-economic relation. The nuclear family stands as a symbolic representation of what an ideal form of national identity should consist of: cultural att itudes which value individualism and competition above social support and the recognition of a diversity of individual needs (Wilde Hoskison-Clark 2014, 56). Socio-economic circumstances lead to attitudinal environments where class became a socio-cultural marker for prohibiting inappropriate family form . Therein, rigid attributes of masculinity and femininity, in a sex-gender system, pivot domesticate marital roles. Family modes of behaviour are juxtaposed to a topography ofShow MoreRelatedDisability As A Metaphor For Inferiority990 Words   |  4 PagesInferiority While disability rights and awareness have advanced, disabled people have not been able to wrest total control of the discrimination placed upon them due to the way society uses the idea of disability as a metaphor signifying human incapacity. In Douglas C. Baynton’s, Disability and the Justification of inequality in American History, he analyzes the controlling metaphor of disability through race. Similarly, watching Donald Trump s infamous speech where he mocks a disabled reporter shows howRead MoreDisabled Students With Their Special Education887 Words   |  4 Pagessociety is disabled people who are not receiving the necessary benefits. For instance, most of the disabled individuals do not receive equal benefits because they do not have a job. Most do not have access to medical or insurance because they do not have a job in which they can support themselves. This kind of discrimination and treatment creates disabled people to have feelings of anger and sadness as they a re not being protected and their rights are violated. Society characterizes disabled people asRead MoreForced Sterilization On Women During The United States1617 Words   |  7 PagesForced sterilization on women â€Å"In the United States, 15 states have laws that fail to protect women with disabilities from involuntary sterilization† (Against her will). Sterilization of disabled women in the United States should not be allowed. It denies disabled women the rights of having children. It is sexist to force women to get sterilized but men do not have to get sterilized. Women should have the right to have children, no matter if they have a disability or if something is wrong with herRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?844 Words   |  4 Pageswoman wanting an abortion for a child with a disability such as, getting raped, not being financially stable enough to give the child a good quality of life, and the disruption of families a child with a disability can cause (D.I. Bromage). I believe women should be able to do whatever they choose with their body and if they want an abortion, no matter how healthy or not the baby is, they should be able to go through with an abortion without backlash . Prenatal testing and selective abortion is a goodRead MoreIs Sexuality Shaped By Other Social Factors?1628 Words   |  7 PagesHeteronormative here meaning: the assertion that heterosexuality is the only sexual orientation and there are roles that come with it. There is also a dehumanising fetishisation of people with disabilities that exists within certain groups. While rights for people with disabilities have come a long way, with perceptual shifts surrounding their daily lives, ultimately the notion of sexual agency amongst people with disabilities is often erased or portrayed in a false or misleading manner. Able-bodiedRead MoreSociology and Disabilities1187 Words   |  5 PagesIf the technology became available for the deaf to hear completely, would you want your deaf child to have this technology? It is every parent s dream for their child to grow up healthy and happy. There are so many children in the world that do not have the ability to hear, and it is a horrible thing. Many would think it wrong for a parent to not want to give their child the gift of sight. If I had a child that was deaf, I would do everything in my power to help them get their hearing. IfRead MoreWomen s Rights And The Reform Movement905 Words   |  4 PagesGreat Britain, with colonists from the newly formed United States demanding their individual and colony’s rights. They advocated for representation, their individual rights, and the issue of sovereignty. With the ratification of the Bill of Rights in 1791, individual rights overall were thought to be â€Å"protected† in the newly libera ted Unites States. Yet the continued limiting of women’s rights, treatment of the mentally handicapped and emancipated slaves, the individual liberties colonists believedRead MoreCluster 1: Article 7 (Women In Political And Public Life).1386 Words   |  6 PagesCluster 1: Article 7 (Women in Political and Public Life) Issue: Women in Brazil aren t represented equally in political and public life in comparison to their male counterparts. Specifically, women are represented less within political parties and even lower within parliament and government. Moreover, black, indigenous, young, lesbian, disabled, rural, domestic and poor women are being represented even less in the spaces of power.       State Role:   The official CEDAW Report does acknowledgeRead MorePoverty in America Essay1197 Words   |  5 PagesFederal Government defines poverty as income that falls below the United States Poverty threshold. (Begun 95). If a person is below or right at the poverty line they are considered poor. It also refers to the lowest level of income a person can make and afford the minimum necessities. (Bender and Leone 23). The poverty line was adopted by the government in the mid 1960s. Not included in the income figure are cash benefits such as food stamps and Medicaid.(Le Vert 50). The poverty rate is adjustedRead MoreChildren s Books : An Essential Part Of A Child s Life1105 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"You take off that hat and say Howdy-do or I m going to give you such a lickin ! Joel Harris, the author, never intended for his books to be racist, they were just a reflection of the society that he lived in (Harris, pg. 7, 1907). The Civil Rights Movement brought the need for books about c hildren of all colors to people’s attention. There needed to be books that represented all Americans, not just the white people. Many authors of color, like Mildred Taylor, Alma Flor Ada and Walter Dean

Customs Administration Of Australian International Trade - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Customs Administration Of Australian International Trade. Answer: Traditionally customs has been responsible for the implementation of different policies under the authorities of government agencies. In this regard, the role of administrative customs has favorably changed in recent years and therefore in order to deal with the issues of trade operations the custom authorities are entrusted with various obligations. Therefore in order to provide appropriate explanation to the changes made by a customs administration for the purpose of improving the level of compliance and the level of facilitation a reference of a journal article has been provided- Widdowson, D., Blegen, B., Kashubsky, M., Grainger, A. (2014). Review of accredited operator schemes: an Australian study.World Customs Journal,8(1), 17-34. The abovementioned article is commissioned to examine the introduction of a change made the customs administration of Australian international trade and transport industry in order to improve level of compliance and level of facilitation. In this regard, the customs administration have introduced Accredited Operator (AO) schemes which have been implemented for the purpose of minimizing compliance costs and the costs of facilitation in order to ensure effective functioning of industries operations in the presence of global competition. In this regard it is noteworthy to mention here that the change introduced by the administrative customs by introducing the Accredited Operator (AO) scheme proved to be beneficial in addressing the issues related to security and regulatory operations of trade facilities (Petersone, Krastins Ketners, 2015). However, it is worth noting that in order to improve facilitation, the business agencies all over the globe have been implementing various changes a nd schemes in order to provide security to international supply chains which facilitates the operation of legitimate trade. It is worth mentioning that by implementing the AO schemes the private sectors could easily manage compliances and regulatory responsibilities (Feiyi, 2014). Therefore, the AO programs have been efficient in maintaining a close relation between the operational regulators and the industry by reflecting bilateral commitment in improvising both regulatory compliance and facilitation levels. It is evident that business ventures enter into partnership agreements by providing relevant information about their regulatory framework and transactions for the purpose of establishing appropriate compliance and facilitation levels (Han McGauran, 2014). In this context, these business operations require the assistance of a separate program in order to ensure swift functioning of their systems (Freund 2016). Therefore due to this reason the AO scheme has created great impact in evaluating the level of compliance. In some cases the authorities of administrative customs seeks to facilitate the creation of an environment which would be beneficial for the firms in maximizing their entitlements by complying with the requirements of trade (Freund, 2016). Therefore the Accredited Operator proposed by the customs administrator of Australian international trade and transport industry has created favorable impact in the regulations of trade. In this regard, the AO programs provided the trading companies with an opportunity to achieve clarity and certainty in evaluating the liabilities and entitlements which are associated with trade operations (Petersone, Krastins Ketners, 2015). In this way the AO schemes allowed the trading firms to carry on business operations without fearing any obstacle from any regulatory bodies in cases of transactions and recovering facilitation costs. The Revised Kyoto Convention has facilitated trade practices by simplifying the procedures and practices of Customs. Therefore, the Revised Kyoto Convention has provided efficient standards and practices in order to cope up with the modern techniques of Customs (Tudor, 2014). However if international trading authorities wishes to become a member of the Revised Kyoto Convention then such contracting party is bound to accept the principles depicted in such convention (Turner, 2015). The principles as mentioned in the Kyoto Revised Convention which are relevant to the changes made by the customs administration are- The transparency and uniformity of the Customs actions. The necessary control on Customs for the purpose of ensuring efficient compliance with the regulations of trade. Integrated interventions with the international border agencies. The changes facilitated by other international convention can be emphasized. The Customs Authority of Canada formulated the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency for the purpose of assigning regulatory responsibilities to the trading firms in order to reflect government priorities (Tudor, 2014). The newly formed Canada Border Service Agencies (CBSA) was entrusted with the responsibility of inspecting into matters related to national security, crisismanagement and food inspection and immigration (Turner, 2015). In this regard, it can be stated that in recent times with an increase in global competition two different customs administrations shall not perform the same functions. In Hong Kong due to the existence of free port policies much emphasis is laid on the classification of tariff and valuation which are relevant to the Department of Customs and Exercise (Han McGauran, 2014). The U.S Customs and Border Protection were initiated by the U.S Customs administration in order to involve cl osely with the activities of international trade for the purpose of improving the security systems of their supply chains (Feiyi 2014). In this regard, others changes can be suggested which are based on the changes made by the Customs administrations. It is worth stating that the international trading communities have undertaken favorable measures for the purpose of minimizing government intervention (Biljan, 2014). It can be observed that in recent years, the government intervention has increased has gradually increased in commercial transactions which widely affected the facilitation of trade (Han McGauran, 2014). Therefore, it is important on the part of the international to minimize the interference of government activities as much as possible. In modern era with the changing expectations of the international trading community, the activities governed the issues of commercial realities (Petersone, Krastins Ketners, 2015). Therefore it can be suggested that the international trading communities should introduce cheapest, simplest and reliable methods in order to export and import goods in a short time. In this w ay the customs administrations would be able to deal efficiency with the government policies and the interaction of the government would be minimal. References: Biljan, J. A. (2014). Good governance in Customs: the case of the Republic of Macedonia. In Corporate Governance (pp. 101-115). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Feiyi, W. (2014). Strategy,Strategic Management and Customs Strategic Management: A Conception of Analytical Framework [J]. Journal of Customs and Trade, 1, 002. Freund, C. (2016). Other New Areas: Customs Administrations and Trade Facilitation, Anticorruption, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, and More. Assessing the Trans-Pacific Partnership, 2, 16-4. Han, C. R., McGauran, R. (2014). Tracing trails: Implications of tax information exchange programs for customs administrations. World Customs Journal, 8(2), 3-13. Petersone, M., Krastins, A. V., Ketners, K. (2015). Development of system of state revenue service performance indicators. Economic Science for Rural Development, 190. Tudor, F. (2014). Role of Customs and Border Cooperation in Fighting the Terrorism Financing and Funding Proliferation. AGORA Int'l J. Jurid. Sci., 181. Turner, R. (2015). Barriers to customs entry at the time of disaster in developing countries: mitigating the delay of life-saving materials. World Customs Journal, 9(1), 3-14. Widdowson, D., Blegen, B., Kashubsky, M., Grainger, A. (2014). Review of accredited operator schemes: an Australian study.World Customs Journal,8(1), 17-34.

Who is Beyonce

Introduction Beyonce is arguably the top female musician in the world. From a career that emerged from the success of an all-girl music group, she has received several accolades for her music and acting careers. Her success has attracted a lot of media attention from critics and fans alike.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Who is Beyonce? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, her recent engagement and wedding to rapper Jay-Z has even brought more media attention to the laid-back musician. Now, most entertainment observers consider Beyonce and Jay Z as America’s â€Å"power couple† (â€Å"Beyonce, Jay-Z Top† par. 1). In several ways, Beyonce has been in the limelight for most parts of the last decade. Thus, different media have always contained different stories about her. This paper compares the singer’s image in the news media and academic literature by arguing that both sour ces share more similarities than differences in how they portray the artist. Notably, this paper shows that academic literatures are concerned with Beyonce’s role in female empowerment and healthy living, while her media image focuses on her glamour, music, sex symbolism, and style. The structure of this paper first analyzes Beyonce’s image in academic literature. Subsequent sections of this paper highlight her image in news media. The last section of this paper compares both images (in news media and academic literature). Image in Academic Literatures Symbol of Female Empowerment Professionally, Beyonce’s image has easily appeared besides other powerful African-American personalities, like Michael Jordan, Oprah Winfrey, Michelle Obama and the likes. Most of these comparisons stem from Beyonce’s success in the music industry and her ability to transcend the superficial and stereotypical image of African American women, as objects of sexual gratification ( within the confines of white supremacy) (Celeste 11).Advertising Looking for term paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While it is important to appreciate the individual successes of music icons, such as Beyonce, many academic journals have found it difficult to do so outside the confines of race (Fan 117). Thus, in many academic circles, many researchers largely perceive Beyonce as an icon of female empowerment (Celeste 11). Feminists have especially championed this view. For example, Murphy (96) says Beyonce is an icon in the success of the third wave feminist movement. This perception led Murphy to say, â€Å"Beyonce is a girl power icon who is average but, beyond her star status, she is overwhelmingly portrayed as a normal and powerful woman† (96). Indeed, in one journal article, Celeste says, â€Å"The media has portrayed Knowles as empowered and in charge, as a mask to make oppressive f orces, such as the â€Å"sexualization† of black women and white supremacy, invisible† (12). The depiction of Beyonce as a female icon has made it difficult for scholars to ignore the racial identity within the discourse of female empowerment. Indeed, many academic literatures appreciate Beyonce’s stature as a woman of color. Therefore, unlike most female icons (mostly white women) that demonstrate the â€Å"girl power† ideology, Beyonce has achieved the same stature by demonstrating multiple talents and performing abilities. Evidence of Beyonce’s multi-talented nature comes from her career launch in the pop group, Destiny’s Child. Murphy says, â€Å"As a dancer, songwriter, and choreographer, she later catapulted her success into new fields, such as acting and fashion design† (p. 97). Through such multi-variable talents, scholars have not shied from associating Beyonce’s success with the third wave of feminism. Certainly, they have done so by associating racial identities with discussions concerning the empowerment of young women. African-American scholars have especially used the success of young African-American women, like Beyonce, to inspire African-American audiences.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Who is Beyonce? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Health Image Although Beyonce has received global accolades for being a top female musician, her image has transcended her professional career and delved into her lifestyle attributes. Notably, she has curved out an image of being an enviable female icon for healthy living. Academic journals that focus on healthy living have especially affirmed this image because they say Beyonce has an ideal body that most women strive to have. For example, Apple (111) exposed a study which asked women to state the body type they would like to have (the researchers gave the women the options of ch oosing the body types of four female celebrities including, Beyonce, Kate Moss, Keira Knightly, and Queen Latifa). Most of the respondents preferred Beyonce’s body style (â€Å"Men want a† 121). The emphasis on Beyonce as a fitness model stems from her widely publicized workout and diet plans. Concisely, her name has appeared in most health fitness regimes (â€Å"Another jar of† 50). For example, Beyonce’s workout plan exists in healthyceleb.com and motleyhealth.com (these websites advice people how to live healthy by maintaining a proper diet regime) (Borges 7). For example, Beyonce advises women on how to lose weight, at healthyceleb.com. She gives a step-by-step account of the time she wakes up, the types of activities she does for exercise, and how her diet helps her to be healthy. In the same forum, she advises most young women to breastfeed, as a way to stay healthy (Borges 7). Here, she emphasizes the importance of a vegetarian diet and its role in keeping her healthy (Borges 7). From the huge responses she receives from the website, Beyonce also provides a link for people to contact her personal trainer and get more advice on healthy living. Her success in health education has permeated through most academic literatures. News Media Image Flamboyant Image Beyonce’s image in mainstream media contrasts with her â€Å"academic† image. While the above sections of the paper highlight Beyonce as a motivational icon for racial minorities in America, her public image in mainstream media portrays her as a glamorous and flamboyant person.Advertising Looking for term paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As portrayed in the introduction section of this report, Beyonce’s image in news media largely premise on her superficial attributes, such as her sense of fashion, style, net worth, and the likes. For example, her recent marriage to rapper Jay Z has shifted most of her public image to her net worth, lifestyle, and influence in the music industry (Seno and Lukas 121). For example, many American newspapers picked an article from Forbes magazine to show the position of the â€Å"power couple† as America’s highest earning celebrity couple (â€Å"Beyonce, Jay-Z Top† par. 1). Such news has always been associated with huge monetary figures, to show how rich the artist is, and how she compares with other wealthy celebrities in the country. For instance, mainstream media have often compared Beyonce and Jay Z to Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt. Similar comparisons also exist with the celebrity couple Tom Brady and Gisele Bundschen (â€Å"Beyonce, Jay-Z Top† par . 2). Sex Icon Besides the media’s obsession with Beyonce’s money and wealth, the singer has adopted an image of being a crossover sex symbol in American music. Indeed, most news media have referred to the singer as â€Å"bootylicious,† â€Å"voluptuous,† and similar acronyms to denote her status as a sex symbol (Seno and Lukas 122). Partly, the singer, through the former all-girl music group, Destiny’s Child, affirmed this image through songs, like â€Å"bootylicious.† However, mainstream media have emphasized this image as the singer’s trademark. Beyonce’s image as a sex symbol largely differs from the star’s academic image. Certainly, earlier sections of this paper show that, academically, scholars have perceived Beyonce as a role model for women worldwide (Celeste 11). Scholars have also disassociated the singer from stereotypical images of African-American superstars as sex symbols (Celeste 11). However, this image appears to disappear in the news media because her image consistently depicts her as a sex symbol. This image has not only existed in music videos and television, but also in print media. For example, â€Å"Beyonce, Jay-Z Top† (par. 3) says, after Beyonce appeared on Tom Ford’s fashion show, in 2011, People magazine identified her as the world’s sexiest woman. Complex (a celebrity website) also named the singer the sexiest musician of all time. The list of other print media that have popularized Beyonce’s stature as a sex symbol is endless. For instance, VHA and GQ have also named the star as the sexiest woman of the century. This way, Beyonce has received several offers to appear on magazine covers from different entertainment outlets in America and Europe. Her success on this front has affirmed her image as a sex icon. Fashion Icon News media have also highly popularized Beyonce’s image as a fashion icon, to characterize her identity. Murphy (131 ) says this image has largely been popularized by mainstream media, but the Knowles family has also helped to cement it. For example, Beyonce’s mother co-authored a book, in 2002, titled, Destiny’s Style. She revealed that Beyonce’s fashion sense had a huge role to play in her success (Murphy 131). Independent fashion designers (who have worked with the star) have also reinforced this image. For example, one Italian fashion designer, Roberto Cavalli, also revealed that Beyonce’s success largely stemmed from her strong fashion sense (â€Å"Beyonce, Jay-Z Top† par. 3). He made this statement after referring to the diverse fashion styles used by the singer during her performances. Indeed, based on an assessment of Beyonce’s music videos, it is difficult to dispute the fact that Beyonce’s fashion sense ranges from a continuum of classic to contemporary fashion styles. Again, magazines and other types of news media have not shied from affi rming Beyonce’s image as a fashion icon. For example, People Magazine listed Beyonce as the best dressed celebrity of 2012. Such rankings paved the way for the star to feature in more prestigious print media magazines, such as the Sports Illustrated Swimsuits Issue. Again, it is important to highlight Beyonce’s stature as an icon of African-American descent because she was the second African-American woman to feature in this magazine (Tyra banks preceded her debut on the Magazine). Musical Icon Since Beyonce started her solo career as an artist, after breaking away from Destiny’s Child, she has cut out an image as an influential and powerful musician. This image has largely dominated most mainstream media because many commentators have portrayed Beyonce as a great and influential musician. Music critics, for example, consider Beyonce as the greatest musician of all time (â€Å"Beyonce, Jay-Z Top† par. 1). Influential commentators, such as Jody Rosen of th e New Yorker, hold this view. Surprisingly, most news media have upheld this image of the singer for a greater part of the last decade. In fact, 2013 rankings showed Beyonce leads other artists in exerting the most influence in America’s music industry. Her musical prowess prompted Luhrmann (12) to say, â€Å"No one has that voice, no one moves the way she moves, no one can hold an audience how she does. When Beyonce does an album, when Beyonce sings a song, when Beyonce does anything, it is an event, and it is broadly influential. Right now, she is the heir- ­apparent diva of the USA — the reigning national voice† (Luhrmann 12). Such views have brought a lot of national attention to Beyonce’s influence in mainstream music. The Guardian has even named her the greatest artist of the decade (Luhrmann 12). This image has elevated the mellow-voiced singer to iconic status in the music industry. This image has also enabled Beyonce to command unwavering respe ct in the industry. Observers say her production of two great musical singles of the decade (crazy in love and put a ring on it) marked the reinvention of Rhythm and Blues (RB) music in the last decade. Indeed, Luhrmann (12) says through Beyonce’s contribution to the music industry, pop music has relied on the success of RB, as its favorite medium. Beyonce’s influence in the RB genre has also replicated in redefining the success of other musicians. For example, evidence shows that Beyonce’s works have influenced other successful RB musicians, such as Adele and Rihanna to succeed. Seno and Lukas (121) say Beyonce’s reputation, as a successful artist, mainly stems from her strong stage presence. Through her success on stage, other artists, such as Rihanna, have reinvented their stage performances to make them more entertaining and captivating. Beyonce’s success beyond music has spilled over into marketing and branding (Seno and Lukas 121). Here, she has also influenced other artists to participate in marketing campaigns. For example, in a recent interview, Nicki Minaj claimed that Beyonce’s commercial success in a Pepsi campaign motivated her to try the same in a 2012 global campaign. Through her influence in the music industry and other artists, mainstream media continue to affirm Beyonce’s image as a music icon. Conclusion After weighing the findings of this paper, it is important to say Beyonce’s image in news media and academic sources differ. Notably, both sources focus on different aspects of the celebrity. News media portray the singer as a sex symbol, musical icon, and fashion icon. Comparatively, academic literatures appreciate the artist for her contribution to female empowerment and health education. These two zones of focus highlight different aspects of Beyonce. News media highlights her superficial and glamorous aspects of life, while academic literature highlights her beneficial contributions to society. A comparison of these two aspects of analysis shows that academic literature and news media share one similarity of depicting Beyonce in a positive way. Although news media concentrates on her glamour and splendor, they still show Beyonce’s positive contribution to the music industry. Evidence of her contribution to the RB genre is the most notable contribution to the music industry. News media also portray her as a mentor to upcoming and existing musicians. Overall, an assessment of Beyonce’s image in academic and news media shows that both media are sympathetic to the artist. Furthermore, both depictions of Beyonce’s image do not exaggerate her achievements and contributions. Instead, they portray a factual image of her personality and achievements. Both perceptions (from news media and academic sources) are also not stereotypical (however, academic literatures show the stereotypical background that influences the perception of African-American ar tists, such as Beyonce). Comprehensively, this paper shows that there are more similarities than differences between how academic literatures and news media portray Beyonce. Works Cited â€Å"Another jar of baby food?† Nutrition Food Science 39.1(2009): 49- 53. Print. Apple, Michael. â€Å"Democratic Education in Neoliberal and Neoconservative Times.†Ã‚  International Studies in Sociology of Education 21.1 (2011): 111-118. Print. Beyonce, Jay-Z Top Forbes’ Highest-Earning Celebrity Couple  List. 2013. Web. Borges, Marco 2012, Beyonce Knowles Workout Routine Diet Plan. Web. Celeste, Manoucheka. I’m Universal: Beyoncà © and the Re-Packaging of Black  Women in Media, Boston, MA: TBA, 2013. Print. Fan, Weihua. â€Å"Social Influences, School Motivation and Gender Differences: An Application of the Expectancy-Value Theory.† Educational Psychology: An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology 31.2 (2011): 117-122. Print. Luhrmann , Baz 2013, The 2013 Times 100. Web. â€Å"Men want a body like Beckham.† Nutrition Food Science 41.4 (2011): 238 – 241. Print. Murphy, Caryn. New Girl Order: Youth, Gender, and Generation in Contemporary  Teen Girls’ Media, University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press. Print. Seno, Diana and Lukas Bryan. â€Å"The equity effect of product endorsement by celebrities: A conceptual framework from a co-branding perspective.† European Journal of Marketing 41.1 (2007): 121 – 134. Print. This term paper on Who is Beyonce? was written and submitted by user Kn0x to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Facebook Status Updates - a Content Analysis free essay sample

Motivation When analyzing Facebook posts or messages from any other microblogging platform, you can take into account plenty of different aspects. On the one hand you can investigate correlations between posts and demographical aspects of the user, the duration of status updates, intentions of the user to share certain information, simply the content of the post and many more. Since in former research most studies concentrated only on one of these aspects, the connection between two or more of them have not yet been examined. Are, for example, certain topics often mentioned with a certain emotion or intention? Or which topics are the ones people talk negatively about or complain about? In this study the dimensions topic, intention, emotion as well as other components will be put in a relationship. Moreover most of the studies were based on automatic word and content notification software. Our analysis is based on manual work. We will write a custom essay sample on Facebook Status Updates a Content Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Often times the real intention or emotional component can only be understood by manually analyzing a Facebook post since many people might use rhetorical expressions, dialects or cryptical messages which cannot be understood by a program. Hence, this could give this study a greater extent of accuracy. Additionally, none of the former research was based only on German status updates what gives the opportunity to draw a comparison between cultures, countries or languages in future studies. Grounded Theory For this study, data analyzing concepts of grounded theory are used. Grounded Theory was introduced in 1967 by Amseln Strauss and Barney Glaser. According o Strauss and Glaser, Grounded Theory is a â€Å"systematic, qualitative process used to generate a theory that explains, at a broad conceptual level, a process, an action, or interaction about a substantive topic† (Creswell, 2002, p 439) To develop a theory out of qualitative data, this approach uses a â€Å"systematic set of processes to develop an inductively derived Grounded Theory about a phenomenon† (Strauss, Corbin, 1990, p24). The three basic elements of Grounded Theory are concepts, categories and propositions. They are part of the data analyzi ng process of Grounded Theory. In this paper we focus only on these three elements. In the next section, we will describe the process of coding based on the provided dataset and present our results of the analyzed data. Case study We analyzed a dataset consisting of 1200 status updates from Facebook in order to give a conclusion about what people talk about on Facebook. Therefore, we conceptualized and analyzed the data like in the following. Developing a Coding Framework According to Strauss and Corbin coding â€Å"†¦represents the operation by which data are broken down, conceptualized, and put back together in new ways. It is the central process by which theories are built from data. † (Strauss and Corbin, 1990, p. 57) To make an analysis feasible, we developed a general coding framework that can be applied on all Facebook status updates. As several people worked on this framework, comparing results was important to receive a consistent list. The development of our coding framework consists of three steps: Developing codes, conceptualization, and developing categorizations. In the following, we elaborate on these three steps. Developing codes. The provided dataset consists of 1200 status updates of German Facebook users. For a start we performed open coding by asking simple questions like: * What is the status update about? * Is a location mentioned? * Is it positive or negative etc. We applied these questions on the first 100 status updates. When we read a post for the first time, we coded it with all associated keywords we could think of. As a result, we received an unsystematic list of keywords that represented our list of codes. Conceptualization. The unsystematic list of codes was used to identify concepts and categories. Comparing the list of codes from each coder leaded us to a more systematic first coding list. Several codes were then summarized under a common name. For example, work and study includes education, school, exam, university, programming, studying, and work. Emotions like afraid, fearing, angry, hating, bothered and stressed were conceptualized to disliking/discomfort. The developed new coding list now consists of several codes or concepts which have several meanings. Developing Categorizations. The final step that concludes the development of our coding framework is to assign categories for each code. Work and study for example fits into the category â€Å"Topic†, disliking/discomfort fits in the category â€Å"Emotion†. Finally we identified eight categories. Any category consists of several concepts that again consist of several meanings. We identified the following categories: Topic, Emotion, Intention, Time, Location, Speech, Valence and Process. Topic, Emotion, Location and the connected codes are self-explanatory. For Time we identified besides past, present and future, the components time pressure, time consuming, countdown, time wasting and long time. Intention explains why a user updates his or hers status update. For example expressing an opinion about something can be used as a code for intention.

5 Types of Phrasal Adjectives That Require Hyphens

5 Types of Phrasal Adjectives That Require Hyphens 5 Types of Phrasal Adjectives That Require Hyphens 5 Types of Phrasal Adjectives That Require Hyphens By Mark Nichol Hyphens, for the most part, have been relieved of their duty to connect prefixes to root words (though many people persist in unnecessarily hyphenating such terms as nonprofit). The primary function of the hyphen now is to indicate the interdependence of words that modify a noun, and many writers remain confused about or ignorant of their application in phrasal adjectives. The following sentences illustrate the types of errors that often occur. 1. That’s a totally played out joke we’ve seen a million times before. Unless two or more words that modify a noun constitute a standing phrase (such as â€Å"real estate† in â€Å"My sister is a real estate agent†), those words should be linked with one or more hyphens: â€Å"That’s a totally played-out joke we’ve seen a million times before.† (This strategy eliminates the possibility that readers will be confused about the meaning of the sentence, asking themselves, â€Å"How is an out joke played?†) 2. Police are seeking stun-gun wielding bandits who robbed beer from a convenience store. When one of the elements of a phrasal adjective itself is an open compound, as in â€Å"stun gun† here, writers sometimes correctly link the words in that compound but neglect to include one between that noun turned adjective and the adjective itself, an omission rectified here: â€Å"Police are seeking stun-gun-wielding bandits who robbed beer from a convenience store.† (Again, this form clarifies that the last two words in the phrase â€Å"stun-gun-wielding bandits† do not constitute a noun phrase; the sentence is not about the stun-gun subtype of a criminal called a wielding bandit.) 3. During this time, he started developing his man of action persona. Phrasal adjectives of the noun-preposition-noun form follow the same rule: â€Å"During this time, he started developing his man-of-action persona.† (This style compartmentalizes â€Å"man of action† into a single idea to aid in quick comprehension.) 4. He was signed to a $10 million a year contract. When a reference to a large amount of money modifies a noun, the number and the order of magnitude are not hyphenated (â€Å"$10 million contract†). However, the value â€Å"$10 million† is part of a phrasal adjective here, so it and the other two elements (a and year) must be linked: â€Å"He was signed to a $10 million-a-year contract.† 5. His resurrection came with unintended consequences, as is always the case in this sort of it’s not nice to fool Mother Nature morality tale. When an extended phrasal adjective that consists of a stock statement, as above, is not formatted as a modifying phrase, it cannot easily be identified as such until the reader reaches the end of the sentence, creating a significant obstacle to narrative flow. So that the sentence need not be reread for comprehension, unify the entire phrase: â€Å"His resurrection came with unintended consequences, as is always the case in this sort of it’s-not-nice-to-fool-Mother-Nature morality tale.† In this case, however, because the phrasal adjective consists of a quoted saying, it is easier on the eye to simply frame the statement in quotation marks: â€Å"His resurrection came with unintended consequences, as is always the case in this sort of ‘It’s not nice to fool Mother Nature’ morality tale. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"Peace of Mind and A Piece of One's MindQuiet or Quite?

How Does the UK and US Fast Food Industry Represent Globalisation, Dissertation

How Does the UK and US Fast Food Industry Represent Globalisation, Gender, Healthy Lifestyle - Dissertation Example century, where globalisation has transformed almost all the facets of the world and has created a universal raised area for all. Fast food industry is growing at a marvelous and remarkable speed with their immense advertising campaign all over the globe. Since the people are moving ahead at a phenomenal pace, therefore, they do not have much options left to have well-prepared and cooked meals. In addition, the traditional concepts of having meals with the entire family as a part of the traditional culture are also shifting, which has emerged and augmented the concept of quick service restaurants that are even renown as fast food restaurants. Numerous studies and researches have come under performances to identify and get familiar with the trends of the fast food industries. The trends vary from country to country due to the cultural differences the people of different nations have their own set of norms, customs and values, which they follow. The overall trend of the fast food indust ry speaks that during the last few decades the demand for the fast foods is increasing at a rampant pace. Nevertheless, the increasing health awareness have caused many legal actions and cases against these fast food restaurants and this negative publicity has made a radical impact on to the sales of the fast foods in many parts of the word. Dominos Pizza and McDonalds are amongst the fast food restaurants that has emerged into giants and leading chain of restaurants that reach the consumers all over the world. The consequences various studies provide the piece of evidence of eating fast foods regularly are leading to numerous health enormities and this subject of matter is a growing concern in the modern times. Health problems that include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart problems are the top-rated diseases that arise due to obesity. Obesity has been one of the most common and widespread problems that have come under experience especially amongst the young generations d ue to eating of fast foods. The investigation and the analysis have come to the conclusion that fast foods have a deficiency in vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates due to the reason that these foods are full of bad fats, contains high amount of salt and other preservatives, which results in obesity and other lethal diseases. However, the outcomes of many of the studies also reveals the truth that fast food industry spends a huge amount of their capital in the investments for their promotional campaigns in order to draw the attention of as many customers as possible towards the eating of the fast foods. The most popular forms of advertisements used by them are the print

Ebay Case Analysis 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ebay Case Analysis 2 - Essay Example In the event that a sale materializes, the customers pack, insure, and ship the sold items to the buyer. The buyer, on the other hand, handles the payment and verification of the sold items. Collectively, the outlined measures make eBay’s model scalable† (expandable devoid of a proportional rise in cost). #2. eBay’s possible rationale for expanding internationally The speedy development of internet technologies has yielded to the emergence of e-business companies (Dutta 684). eBay offers a broad range of products, globally expanding and generating a community for all clients to join eBay. The potential rationale for eBay international expansion hinges on the desire to increase its: number of registered users, user activity, PayPal transactions, user gross merchandise volume, and number of listings. eBay’s global presence seeks to take advantage of the growing online shopping usage (Hitt, Ireland, and Robert 235). # 3. International arenas for eBay: France a nd Japan The CAGE Distance framework highlights cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic differentials or distances between countries that ought to be addresses when coming up with international strategies. CAGE framework can also be employed to dissect patterns of trade, information, capital, and people flows. In terms of cultural distance, there is â€Å"wide† cultural distance owing to different languages, diverse ethnicities (absence of connective ethnic and social networks), diverse values, norms, and dispositions (Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskisson 236). With regard to geographic distance, both France and Japan are far-off the parent company’s location; nevertheless, the rise of globalization and the advancement of ICT has facilitated trounced over geographical distance. Hence, Japan and France can still remain desirable markets for eBay. # 4. Alternative vehicles that eBay has used to pursue international expansion There are several components that can be ci ted as contributing to eBay’s strategic plan for growth. In its expansion efforts, eBay employs investment and acquisition strategy. eBay is a very diverse entity and services that the company avail is appealing to individual customers, as well as large corporate customers (Hitt, Ireland, and Hoskisson 235). eBay’s corporate strategy centers on diversifying business to products offered, as well as customer base and global reach. eBay keeps on changing, adapting, and highlighting fresh ways to master its environment. # 5.Issues and problems that eBay is facing In the case, eBay is attempting to address one prominent problem: Competitions, as other players such as Yahoo! push for a slice of the market. eBay pursues to have the largest user base to attempt to fend off the growing competition, which means that it has to try to lure customers from its competitors. With regard to entering the Japanese market, eBay was hoping to take advantage of the giant market given that J apan had evolved to become the second largest market for person-to-person auctions. However, Yahoo, in a joint venture with Softbank, had already made successful inroads into the Japanese market to the level of commanding a sizeable market share. As a result, eBay faces the problem on whether it should cut its losses and exit the Japanese market. With regard to the acquisition of iBazar, eBay was counting on

What Is the Best Motivational Package for Philadelphia Co. to Enhance Research Paper

What Is the Best Motivational Package for Philadelphia Co. to Enhance Employee Productivity - Research Paper Example The present study would analyze the case of Philadelphia Company with regards t addressing the issue of lack of motivation among the employees of the organization. The study would mainly be based on a primary research that would try to collect primary data from the customers, employee as well as the managers of the organization in order to understand the underlying reasons behind the lack of motivation among the employees of the organization. The results of the survey would be used to suggest plausible recommendations for the organization. Implication of strategies like a 360 degree appraisal and initiating free and fair appraisal apart from career development programs like training and development can help in restoring and enhancing the motivation levels of the employees of the organization. Introduction The age of competition has necessitated an urgent need for business organizations to go beyond analyzing the sales figures and business strategies but also ensure organization excel lence. In this regard the role of human resource management becomes utmost important as human resources are the most valuable assets for any organization. It has also been stated in numerous researches that an efficient human resource base should be essentially motivated so as to ensure job satisfaction.These aspects involve considerable importance as de-motivated and unsatisfied employees’ leads to high turnover rates and also lead to inefficiencies in the organization. In order to ensure greater productivity it is necessary to ensure that workers and employees are consistently rewarded. It is also very necessary to ensure that there is career development of the employees. The present study would analyze the reasons behind the de-motivation of the employees of Philadelphia Co that is a housekeeping company and has a small employee base of which most of the workers are from other nations like Sri Lanka, Indonesia and Philippines. The study would try to analyze the reasons beh ind their de-motivation and would also suggest plausible recommendations in order to ensure better productivity and increased motivation among the workers. Research Question The research question for the present study is stated below: To analyze the effects of motivation of workers on organization’s productivity To analyze the reasons behind the de motivation of workers at Philadelphia Co To find possible solutions towards ensuring motivation of employees at Philadelphia Co The three research questions would try to first analyze the effects of employee motivation on the levels of productivity of the employees. It would also try to analyze the possible reasons for the de-motivation of the employees by conducting an in depth analysis of the research question and finally the research would also try to find possible solutions for imparting greater motivation among the employees of the organization so as to help generate competitive advantage. Procedure and Methodology The researc h methodology would be a mix of primary and secondary research techniques that would help in analyzing the research questions and also enable in the formulation of plausible recommendations that would help in ensuring organizational excellence. The secondary research would try to analyze the research question as to the effects of employee de-motivation on the job satisfaction levels and the impact on the overall

Applications And Types Of Smart Materials Engineering Essay

Applications And Types Of Smart Materials Engineering Essay Smart material are those that change in response to changing conditions in their surrounding or in the application of other directed influences such as passing an electric charge through them. Modern products increasingly use them, shirts that change color with changes in temperature. Smart materials are the materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled style such as stress, temperature, moisture, pH, electric or magnetic fields. There are many types of smart material some of which are already common. Some examples are as following: Types of smart material Some types of smart materials include: Piezoelectric On applying a mechanical stress to these materials it generates an electric current. Piezoelectric microphones transform changes in pressure caused by sound waves into an electrical signal. Shape memory After deformation of these materials they remember their original shape and return back to its original shape when heated .Applications include shape memory stents tubes threaded into arteries that expand on heating to body temperature to allow increased blood flow. Thermo chromic These are the materials which change their color in response to changes in temperature. They have been used in bathplugs that change color when the water is too hot. Photo chromic These materials change color in response to changes in light conditions. Uses include security ink sand dolls that tan in the sun. Magneto rheological: it is a fluid that fluids become solid when placed in a magnetic field. They can be used to construct dampers that suppress vibrations. These can be used for buildings and bridges to suppress the damaging effects of, For example, high winds or earthquakes. 1.1 pH-sensitive polymers These are materials which swell/collapse when the pH of the surrounding media changes. PH sensitive or pH responsive polymers are materials which will respond to the changes in the pH of the surrounding medium by varying their dimensions. Such materials swell or collapse depending on the pH of their environment. This behavior is exhibited due to the presence of certain functional groups in the polymer chain. 1.2 Magnetostrictive materials exhibit change in shape under the influence of magnetic field and also exhibit change in their magnetization under the influence of mechanical stress Fig 1.1 Magnetostrictive material (inside) then magnetizing coil over it and magnetic enclosure completing the magnetic circuit (outside) It can convert magnetic energy into kinetic energy that is used to build sensors. 1.3 Temperature-responsive polymers These are materials which changes upon temperature. A temperature-responsive polymer is a polymer which undergoes a physical change when external thermal is applied. The ability to undergo such changes makes this class of polymers the category of smart materials. 1.4 Self-healing materials These materials have the intrinsic ability to repair damage due to normal usage, thus expanding the materials lifetime .These are the class of smart materials that have the structurally incorporated ability to repair damage caused by mechanical usage over time. The inspiration comes from biological systems, which have the ability to heal after being wounded. Initiation of cracks and other types of damage on a microscopic level has been shown to change thermal, electrical, and acoustical properties, and eventually lead to whole scale failure of the material. Usually, cracks are mended by hand, which is difficult because cracks are often hard to detect. A material (polymers, ceramics, etc) that can intrinsically correct damage caused by normal usage could lower production costs of a number of different industrial processes through longer part lifetime, reduction of inefficiency over time caused by degradation, as well as prevent costs incurred by material failure Chapter 2 Applications of Smart Materials There are many possibilities for such materials and structures in the manmade world. Engineering structures could operate at the very limit of their performance envelopes and to their structural limits without fear of exceeding either. These structures could also give maintenance engineers a full report on performance history, as well as the location of defects, whilst having the ability to counteract unwanted or potentially dangerous conditions such as excessive vibration, and affect self repair. The Office of Science and Technology Foresight Programme has stated that `Smart materials will have an increasing range of applications (and) the underlying sciences in this area must be maintained at a standard which helps achieve technological objectives, which means that smart materials and structures must solve engineering problems with hitherto unachievable efficiency, and provide an opportunity for new wealth creating products. 2.1 Smart Materials in Aerospace Some materials and structures can be termed sensual devices. These are structures that can sense their environment and generate data for use in health and usage monitoring systems (HUMS). To date the most well established application of HUMS are in the field of aerospace, in areas such as aircraft checking. An airline such as British Airways requires over 1000 employees to service their 747s with extensive routine, ramp, intermediate and major checks to monitor the health and usage of the fleet. Routine checks involve literally dozens of tasks carried out under approximately 12 pages of densely typed check headings. Ramp checks increase in thoroughness every 10 days to 1 month, hanger checks occur every 3 months, interchecks every 15 months, and major checks every 24000 flying hours. In addition to the manpower resources, hanger checks require the aircraft to be out of service for 24 hours, interchecks require 10 days and major checks 5 weeks. The overheads of such safety monitoring are enormous. An aircraft constructed from a sensual structure could self-monitor its performance to a level beyond that of current data recording, and provide ground crews with enhanced health and usage monitoring. This would minimize the overheads associated with HUMS and allow such aircraft to fly for more hours before human intervention is required. 2.2 Smart Materials in Civil Engineering Applications However, sensual structures need not be restricted to hi-tech applications such as aircraft. They could be used in the monitoring of civil engineering structures to assess durability. Monitoring of the current and long term behavior of a bridge would lead to enhanced safety during its life since it would provide early warning of structural problems at a stage where minor repairs would enhance durability, and when used in conjunction with structural rehabilitation could be used to safety monitor the structure beyond its original design life. This would influence the life costs of such structures by reducing upfront construction costs (since smart structures would allow reduced safety factors in initial design), and by extending the safe life of the structure. Sensual materials and structures also have a wide range of potential domestic applications, as in food 2.3 Its properties which enable them for civil engineering application are    Repeated absorption of large amounts of strain energy under loading without permanent deformation. Possibility to obtain a wide range of cyclic behavior -from supplemental and fully reentering to highly dissipating-by simply varying the number and/or the characteristics of SMA components. Usable strain range of 70% Extraordinary fatigue resistance under large strain cycles Their great durability and reliability in the long run. 2.4 STRUCTURAL APPLICATION OF SMART MATERIALS The development of durable and cost effective high performance construction materials and systems is important for the economic well being of a country mainly because the cost of civil infrastructure constitutes a major portion of the national wealth. To address the problems of deteriorating civil infrastructure, research is very essential on smart materials. This paper highlights the use of smart materials for the optimal performance and safe design of buildings and other infrastructures particularly those under the threat of earthquake and other natural hazards. The peculiar properties of the shape memory alloys for smart structures render a promising area of research in this field. Fig 2.1 to achieve speed improvements on existing bridges and to maintain the track in a straight and non-deformed configuration as the train passes With the help of optimal control methodology the train will pass the bridge with reduced track deflections and vibrations and thus velocity could be safely increased. Fig2.1 shows various positions of the train with and without active railway track support. Chapter3 3.1 Reducing waste Producers are forced to consider the entire life of a product at the design stage and customers are increasingly demanding more environmentally sensitive products. Innovative use of smart materials has the potential to reduce waste and to simplify recycling. Electronic waste Electronic waste is the fastest growing component of domestic waste in the UK. Electrical equipment requires that it should be processed before disposal to remove hazardous and recyclable materials. Disassembly of product is expensive and time consuming but the use of smart materials could help to automate the process. Research in this active disassembly has been carried out by UK companies. Active Disassembly Research Ltd. One example uses fasteners constructed from shape memory materials that can self release on heating. Once the fasteners have been released, components can be separated simply by shaking the product. By using fasteners that react to different temperatures, products could be disassembled. 3.2 Research in the UK Smart materials and systems are interdisciplinary subject areas so funding does not come from a single research council. However, the majority of research council funding is allocated by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). Materials research is one of its six core programmers and it currently has a commitment of  £21m to smart materials research in 28 UK universities. This includes the EPSRCs contribution to smart materials projects run in collaboration with 35different organizations including the Ministry of Defense British Aerospace In addition to research councils, the government also allocates funding through the Technology Strategy Board. This is an executive non-departmental public body established by the Government to stimulate innovation in those areas which offer the greatest scope for boosting UK growth and productivity. Advanced materials are one of the Technology Strategy Boards key technology areas, which provide the framework for deciding w here it should invest funding and support activities. In 2007, as part of its support for collaborative research and development, the Technology Strategy Board allocated funding of  £7m to a competition for research proposals in Smart Bioactive and Nano structured Materials for Health The Ministry of Defense identifies smart materials and active structures as a priority technology. However, its investment in these areas has decreased markedly in recent years as developments are increasingly driven by global civil markets and commodity products that are often adequate for itsneeds.2 It currently emphasizes monitoring external research rather than producing it in-house. 3.3 Research worldwide The US is the world leader in smart materials research mainly because of the large defence research and development budget. The US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency has had an in-house programme of smart materials and structures research since the early 1990s, in contrast to the UK. However the UK is strong in many areas and is at the forefront of research into structures that can repair themselves. Other observations so that materials can be sorted automatically. The companies have collaborated with Nokia and believe that this technology could be in use in the next two years. 3.4 Reducing food waste Food makes up approximately one fifth of the UKs waste. One third of food grown for consumption in the UK is thrown away, much of which is food that has reached its best before date without being eaten .These dates are conservative estimates and actual product life may be longer. Manufacturers are now looking for ways to extend product life with packaging, often using smart materials. CHAPTER 4 FUTURE 4.1 In Nanotechnology to Revolutionize Smart Materials Technology The nanotechnology is set to accelerate development of improved and complicated smart material technologies. Researchers are now considering the possibilities of designing, altering, and controlling material structure at nanoscale levels in order to enhance material performance and process efficiency. The advancements in nanomaterials are expected to increase product quality and performance, and they are finding acceptance in diverse applications such as sensors and electronic devices. Nanosensor particles assist in creating tools for analyzing living cells and serve as reporters in industrial process monitoring. In the future, smart materials are likely to derive their success from nanotechnology that is likely to be instrumental in creating more varied, complex, and intelligent systems. 4.2 Smart Materials Expected to Cater to Diverse Applications The advances and improvements in smart materials allow them to cater to a diverse set of applications, especially in the defense, aerospace, healthcare, electronics, and semiconductor industries. Although very few of these applications are at present commercially viable, their potential for future acceptance is irrefutable. Smart materials are particularly useful for cellular production, observes the analyst. With the addition of cellular fluid and by regulating the cells shape and mechanical conditions, smart materials especially polymers can mimic these cells interactions and exhibit effective results. The computer industry is also adopting smart materials for read/write head micropositioners and next-generation data storage devices. Researchers are developing piezo-accelerometers that anticipate and correct head-motion-related read/write errors. In the healthcare markets, smart material technologies are making their way into several analytical devices for detecting and diagnosing complex medical conditions. With future advances, smart materials are also likely to be useful for fabricating insulin pumps and drug delivery devices.

Democrats and Republicans

Aida Krafess Rosie Branciforte ENC 1101 April 8, 2013 Democrats and Republicans The United States of America is known to have two major political parties. The Republican party and the democratic one. Both parties are based on views and principles being completely opposites of each other. The Republican party is known to be a conservative party, while the democratic party is known to be liberal. Two concepts that are opposites to each other.The democratic party will most certainly convince the majority of the people that it is the ideal party to remain in office because it promotes economic equality, it advocates civil rights and individual freedom, and because it is a liberal party. The two major U. S political parties have different policies and views. These two parties being Democrats and Republicans. Economically, republicans promote more equality because their taxes are the same for everyone. This means that taxes should not be higher for people with a higher income or lower for people with a lower income.They also believe that by minimizing government spending they would be able to balance their budget. Republicans also support the constitution to the highest degree. They are convinced that its laws are flawless, and want the constitution to become the base of U. S law, and do not believe in the majority rule. A rule that states that the vote of of the majority of the people should either make or banish a law. Republicans are also known to be conservatives. The word conservative is defined as the holding to traditional attitudes and values and being cautious about change or innovations.Republicans would very much like to live their lives the way the founding fathers of America had without having to go through change or innovation. (Gould 565-483) At a first glance at the economic views of the republicans, it is common to find it more equal. However, why should a person that makes minimum wage pay same taxes as the C. E. O of an international corporation. T he democratic party has different points of views on tax reform policies. The party believes in equality therefore it constructed its 2012 tax reform policy to cut taxes for every working family, and not for millionaires. Black, 565-483) This means that every working family still pays taxes, however their taxes would be cut, meaning they would be paying less taxes than before. As for the â€Å" millionaires† and higher class of society they will still pay the same taxes as they did before. This policy is more likely to be considered as equal because it is not rated fair when people from different social classes with a big difference in their incomes pay the same taxes. Especially because the taxes will eventually be lowered for the lower classes because they would be unable to afford paying the regular and high taxes.This will also lead in the cut of taxes for the high social class, which then makes the whole concept unequal. Not just for the people but also for the national economy (Witcover, 791-545). A democracy is a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. The democratic party is also known for being the party of the people. It is the the oldest political party and has origins that fall back all the way to Thomas Jefferson, and Andrew Jackson.Thomas Jefferson was one of the founding fathers, one of the main authors of the Declaration of independence, and the third president of the United States. As for Andrew Jackson he was the seventh president of the United States and influenced his followers to create a modern democratic party. In a democracy it is essential for everyone to vote. It is considered as defending a point of view and opinions (Bass, 437-83). The democratic party is mostly concentrated on making all the people have equal rights, both women and men. Allowing each of them to have individual freedom.A freedom that a person has full control over until it is misused and breaks the law. The democratic party is for women having complete right to make their own decisions. For example, if a women decides to get an abortion, it would be possible for her to do so. (Black, 565-483) It remains a choice the woman has to make. A choice that is not restricted by law. In a democratic party, people are allowed to vote to promote what they would like. For example if it is illegal in a state for a homosexual couple to get married, and the majority of the state votes for this law to be banished.It is most likely that gay marriage will become legal in that state. These concepts all advocate individual freedom, and equality (Bass 437-84). The democratic party is a party that favors liberal positions. The word liberal is defined as being open to new behavior or opinions and will to discard traditional value (Bass 437-84). Modern American liberalism unifies social liberalism, social justice, and a mixed economy. Theses three theories have allowed abort ion rights for women, gar rights, and government strategies for education and healthcare.Liberals also favor diplomacy over military action. Which could only make the people of any country feel safer. Diplomacy would help resolve many word conflicts, and could even prevent war, or incidents that might result in tragic outcomes. Liberals also favor the separation of church and state. This measures the restraint between a religion and the way laws of a nation are built. All of these facts influence the chain of thoughts democrats have. However, their chain of thoughts could not be influenced by a bias opinion based on religion or tradition.It could only be influenced by current events, and new ways to deal with different and repeated situations, and by the majority of votes (Witcover, 791-545). To conclude, in this actual context, the socio-democrat political model of the democratic party seems to be the one that fits best the expectations of the vulnerable population. This political party also compromises between the conservative values of the american society and its constant changes. Therefore,   the arguments mentioned above explain the mandate renewal that americans expressed in the last elections.Works cited Bass, Harold Franklin. Historical Dictionary of United States Political Parties. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2000. 437-84. Print. Black, Earl, and Merle Black. Divided America: The Ferocious Power Struggle in American Politics. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007. Print. Gould, Lewis L. Grand Old Party: A History of the Republicans. 1st ed. New York: Random House, Inc. , 2003. 565-483. Print. Witcover, Jules. Party of the People: A History of the Democrats. New York: Random House, 2003. 791-545. Print.

Culture and Disease Essay

Culture is a pattern of behavior and thinking learned, shaped and shared by Europeans and Americans. It is their growing and developing bank of knowledge, experiences, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, material objects and possessions gained through generations of individual group work (Williams 1976). Any discomfort, dysfunction, distress, social problems, and alterations of behavior for Europeans and Americans are considered a disease. It is a change that disrupts the normal function of the body. It is initially believed to be caused by curses, evil spirits, or night vapors. However, in the mid-19th century the discoveries and findings of scientific works by Louis Pasteur and Koch concluded microorganisms or germs are the pathogens of infectious diseases which usually gain entrance into the body. These are microorganisms that are able to infect a host and produce a disease (Miller 2003). Subsequent studies and researches improved the concepts of healthcare. In the 21st century, Western Science of Medicine means accuracy. It is the name of the trend. Its subject the human body is likened to an outstandingly complex machine that can be figured out, customized, renovated, and its health defined and described in strictly clinical terms. Medical experts called Physicians can identify and eliminate disease-causing or etiologic organisms that originate outside the body, Surgeons evolved to be incomparable experts in dealing with acute trauma and distress, and epidemiologist uncovers the factors that determine the frequency, distribution, and determinants of diseases in human populations. These factors include the characteristics of the pathogen, the susceptibility of human population resulting from overcrowding, lack of immunization, nutritional status, inadequate sanitation procedures, locations or reservoirs where pathogens lie in wait, and the various means by which infectious disease is transmitted. Ironically, resurgence of infectious disease such as tuberculosis occurred brought about by the emergence of another infectious disease HIV/AIDS (Burton 2004). The existence of epidemic and communicable diseases in specific areas were found to follow geographic patterns. Diseases like Poliomyelitis caused by over population infected Brazilian children population, and it also infected older age Scandinavian and Americans; cholera, yellow fever and dengue infected Indians in India as a result of poor sanitation; Plague brought about by rodents are cases in the Western United States of America, and in China, it is carried by rodents and fleas infecting Chinese. These findings were important concepts for public awareness to guide travelers and servicemen (Duffy 1953). Body Tuberculosis is a chronic mycobacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract characterized by fever, night sweats, weight loss, productive cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing up blood and hoarseness. It may infect lymph nodes causing systemic disease like kidney disease, urinary bladder disease and bone disease (Burton 2004). The dynamics of infection follows the following pattern: Sources of Infection > Modes of entry > Mechanism of disease > Pattern of infection > Portals of exit. Mycobacterium tuberculosis a slow-growing, acid-fast, Gram-variable bacillus is an aerobic bacillus species capable of reproducing within 16-20 hours. It is the etiologic agent of the disease called tuberculosis (Burton 2004). Mycobacterium tuberculosis developed resistance to treatment drugs. It is the second leading killer of adults in the world, with more than 2 million TB-related deaths each year (Burton 2004). Ironically, one of the endemic diseases in the United States of America is this bacterial disease called tuberculosis. In 2004 Centers for Disease and Controls, Atlanta, GA reported 14, 517 tuberculosis cases. The resurgence of tuberculosis in the United States of America in the 1980’s through 1990’s primarily resulted from the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the multi-drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis (Burton 2004). Identification and recognition of the characteristics of the pathogen, the susceptibility of human population resulting from overcrowding, lack of immunization, nutritional status, inadequate sanitation procedures, locations or reservoirs, emigration and migration of men and animals, and stress makes people immunosuppressed resulting to infection, considering that pathogens may come primarily from infected humans, sometimes from primates, cattle and other infected mammals (Burton 2004) . There are various sources from which tuberculosis can be acquired and transmitted. It may be via airborne droplets produced by the infected organism during coughing, sneezing, even singing and prolonged direct contact with infected individuals ((Burton 2004). Prevention, Precautions, Sterilization, disinfection and Patient care would all involve airborne precautions (Burton 2004). In Clinical practice, disinfection and sterilization as well as laboratory procedures were employed being a necessity. Their scientific basis has been developed only during the past century. These important procedures are: Sterilization which is the destruction or complete removal by filtration of all forms of microorganisms including their spores; Disinfection is the destruction of many microorganisms but not usually bacterial spores; Antisepsis, is the destruction or inhibition of microorganisms in living tissues thereby limiting or preventing the harmful effect of infection; Static agent would inhibit the growth of bacteriostatic microorganisms; Bactericidal agent would kill the microorganisms; Sterilizers are chemicals which under controlled conditions kill spore-forming bacteria. These agents which perform the above functions were divided into physical agents and chemical agents. With these mechanisms, Epidemiologist and Social psychologist in the United States of America helped contribute to the study of health and to the interventions to improve people’s well-being and quality of life by promoting health and preventing illnesses. They identify psychological factors that might influence illness, and identify improved ways in which health care is delivered. This is also a form of proposition for the improvement of the health of the population by promoting healthy choices and preventing people from becoming ill. Psychologists are persuasive by appealing to fear for the negative health consequences, subsequently encouraging American families, peer and schooling young adolescents to change their health behaviors by redirecting their behavioral intentions. This is in line with the concept that the actions taken by people to safeguard their health are influenced by factors such as general health values, perceived susceptibility to illness, perceptions of illness severity, expectations of treatment success, self-efficacy, perceived barriers and benefits, and cues to action. Healthy habits that are currently recommended are vigorous regular exercise, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol intake, eating healthy foods, and getting enough sleep. Even so, considering the increased cultural mixing Of the United States of America, programs or lessons in scholastic trainings are incorporated as designed to increase intercultural communications as cultural patterns affect how people make sense of the many aspects of health care: the meanings that people give to health and illness, the causes of diseases, the means to prevent illnesses, appropriate cures, and the types of individuals most qualified to provide care and attempt to cure. In this context, magico-religious approach, holistic approach and biomedical approach are not set aside, but, the healthcare system of the United States of America is typically focused on the individual patient as the source of the medical problem in need of a cure. This is rather the biomedical approach adopted to address the issues of illness and wellness. It considers people health regardless of culture to be driven by biochemical forces. Wellness is achieved by understanding that the biochemical reaction is activated. Illness happens when a part of the normal human body metabolic activities is altered. Treatments are provided by Medical health practitioners like Doctors and Nurses, thus bringing back the normal course of bodily metabolic activities supportive of good health (Lustig 1996). In 1953 Dr. Louis H. Bauer of New York, USA as a secretary General of the World Medical Health Association outlined the major task to address medical care need from their time on, such as: 1) Rural community work to establish facilities and to encourage physicians participation; 2) provide medical care all depressed areas : 3) Extend public health coverage to depressed areas; 4) Evolve strategies to address care needs people with inborn disorders; 5) Provide insurance programs to people specially senior citizens and the disabled; 6) Eradicate graft and corruption in the Medical practice; 7) General public protection for regular Medical services; 8) Renew medical societies; and 9) Medical Health ethics education for the Medical Health practitioners (Perkins 1993). Conclusion With the advent of post-industrial age marked by the ubiquitous appearance and usages of television and the computer, supposedly a reliable indicator, most Americans should be healthy and wealthy. Being so, it could be enough to affect longevity positively, primarily through lifestyle choices, rather than lack of food or shelter and diseases (Lustig 1996). However, Studies revealed that even the introduction of Medicare in the United States, bringing the poor substantially at par with the rich in terms of health care and medical services did not eliminate or even markedly reduced the large differential mortality. In contrast, life expectancy in Japan is far above all the rest of the countries in the world. The life expectancy for males is 78 years while the life expectancy for females is 85 years, in spite of half the level of spending for healthcare than that of the United States of America amounting to around $2,000 per person, 7. 4 percent of GDP (Powell 1990). The technology used in the Japanese health care system is similar to that used in the United States of America, but, the flow of funds, the quantity and intensity of use is considerably different (Powell 1990). In Japan, all citizens are free to choose any physician and hospital. Physicians may be General Private Practitioner providing primary and secondary care, while Specialist works in hospitals. Hospitals may be large and public university hospitals with medical school, research facilities, and outpatient department for primary care while small time private practitioners have small facilities and less sophisticated treatments (Powell 1990). Knowing that tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplets produced by the infected organism during coughing, sneezing, even singing and prolonged direct contact with infected individuals, preventions and precautions are better than an ounce of medicine after infection. Reference Burton, G. and Engelkirk, P. (2004). Microbiology for Health Sciences. USA: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Lustig, M. and Koester, J. (1996). Intercultural Competence. 6th ed. USA: HarperCollins. Powell, M. and Anesaki, M. (1990). Health Care in Japan. New York: Routledge. Duffy, John. (1953). Epidemics in Colonial America. Perkins, James E. (1952). You and Tuberculosis.

The Rationale for the Serial Comma

The Rationale for the Serial Comma The Rationale for the Serial Comma The Rationale for the Serial Comma By Mark Nichol Do you employ a serial comma the final comma in a sentence such as â€Å"I bought one apple, two bananas, and three oranges†? If your work for or with a business or organization involves publishing content in print or online, that decision has been made (or should have been made) for you in a style guide, a manual to be followed in production of all the content published by that business or organization. If you determine a business or organization’s style, or you self-publish in print or online, the decision is up to you. In most journalistic print and online publications and in much other online content, the serial comma is omitted. (This omission is also common in British English.) However, in most books and in many other publications published in the United States, it is required. I strongly favor the serial comma. Why? In a sentence such as â€Å"I bought one apple, two bananas and three oranges,† no ambiguity exists. But in â€Å"I ordered ham and eggs, toast and jam and pie and ice cream,† the cavalcade of conjunctions gets confusing, and in contexts in which it’s not as clear which list items might be distinct and which might be linked, the absence of the final comma might require readers to reread the sentence to establish the organization. So, the solution in this case is to use a serial comma when confusion could arise. That means that no-serial-comma publications will print or post â€Å"I bought one apple, two bananas and three oranges† but â€Å"I ordered ham and eggs, toast and jam, and pie and ice cream.† The resulting obvious question is why not, for the sake of consistency, just insert a serial comma in all cases? Another complication is illustrated in this well-known hypothetical statement: â€Å"I dedicate this book to my parents, Ayn Rand and God.† Without the serial comma, the statement could be read as acknowledging four entities: two parents, an author, and a deity. But it could also refer to two parents, one of whom is an author and other of whom is a deity. Again, the presence of the serial comma eliminates the ambiguity. This issue may seem trivial, but the English language is constructed of myriad trivialities that combine into an imperfect system but one that has supported the world’s predominant language. (Yes, twice as many people speak Mandarin as English, but my reference point is global significance.) Commas are an abundant resource, and you can pull any ordinary one out of your comma bucket to serve as a serial comma. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with Heart50 Idioms About Roads and Paths50 Plain-Language Substitutions for Wordy Phrases

Isp Summary Essays

Isp Summary Essays Isp Summary Essay Isp Summary Essay ISP Summary We chose to do our integrated study plan project on nature as the season change. We felt this topic was appropriate because the children seemed really interested in the outdoors at the beginning of the semester. We split our main topic into three parts- animals, trees, and weather. I was in charge of the trees and implemented six different activities about trees throughout the semester. My outcomes for each activity were met. For my Literacy activity I read the book Tree Is Nice by Janice May Udry , after reading the book the children were able to learn why is the tree is important in our life. For the Math lesson plan the children were able to match trees with some shapes. For the Science lesson the children learn about animals live inside the tree. For the Social Studies lesson plan the children learn about how the looks like in different seasons, and they were able to match the right tree with the right season. For the Art lesson plan children were able to identify the changing color of the leaves during the seasons, and they paint their own leaves. And for the physical lesson plan the children pretend to be trees and move like when the wind hit the tree, freeze when the snow is falling, and fall down like the leaves fall from the tree in the fall. The best part was that the children were engaged in the activities and they had fun. And because this is my first time working with children, I sometimes feel nervous, but I got over it when time was past. For the next semester I need to improve my lesson plans and do it better than I did. About the children I was surprised that they treat each other by respect, and taking care of each other, and they have a good relationship with us. Dani and Mary had a great part in my 100 hour student teaching, and they helped and watched us very carefully during their teaching, and their feedback was really helpful. I will advise the next student teacher to be so nervous just take it easy the children will love you because children are angels. And enjoy your time with the children.

The importance of car designing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The importance of car designing - Case Study Example The key problem underlying the dilemma that is facing the company is the possibility of being sued for not assuring the quality of its product, which subsequently led to the death of one of the users and the serious injury of two others in the accident. The stakeholders, in this case scenario, the CEO (Chief Executive Officer), owner of company, the mangers, Mr. I. M. Good, the Vice President of Car Engineering, and Mrs. Lovely. All these stakeholders are responsible for all the events leading to the accident that caused the death of the customer and the injury of her or his young boy. This means that a decision processes was missed or ignorantly assumed at a certain point through the production stage of the car, Zinger. I believe the utmost and dire sole responsibility of the company is to keep the customers satisfied and ensure their safety while using the product. All the information about the flaws of the car was kept under secrecy due to the need to earn revenue fast due to the increased competition kin the market. The stakeholders in the firm have a great social responsibility of maintain the company’s image regarding their professionalism and provision of quality products in the market. Their esteemed customers need to be well informed about the goods they use and be cautioned on any flaws that might hurt them physically. They should make this resolution even if the decision making would mean the recalling back of all the flawed cars from the car dealerships around the whole market. This will go a long way in ensuring and restoring their clients trust in the product. Otherwise, subsequent accidents would see the firm receiving multiple law suits for their flawed products, thus they would lose their esteemed clients, subsequently resulting to a lot of money spent in settling cases. The company should maintain a positive image with their clients. Advisable, the one ethical decision to be made would be to halt the selling of the Zinger car till a fur ther time after improvisation and repairs on the flaws. The sole and most viable decision that company should make is to halt the production of the car and work on its improvisation to prevent any further accidents that have led to fatalities. One would consider it moral to keep clients informed about the goods they use. They should do this even if it means that this will reduce their profit margin over some period of time. Earning customer trust is essential in maintaining a client base for future of the company. The effective management of the control process supports the system for the production of quality goods. The top managers in the organization, that is the CEO and the other board of governors and stakeholders need to be informed all the tasks carried out in the company. Essential information like the assumption made for the Zinger car should not have been ignored since the wrong decision made not to convey information appropriately led to the death of an individual. The ha stiness for the firm to seek approval of the car’s introduction to the market might cause a bad reputation for the company due to the faults that were not addressed during the production stage. The consequences of all these decisions are for the betterment of the firm’s reputation on the market. Well, if word gets out to its competitors about this flaw, then this would mean that their competitive edge is doomed since their rivals in the market would use this information for marketing and promotional market share competition. If they lost customers their profit margins might fall to even losses. Ultimately this leads to company fallout due to negligence of prior events that would have been prevented before product launch. Closing from