Variable Air Volume (VAV) System to achieve better Indoor Dissertation

inconstant denude passel (VAV) System to achieve better Indoor Environmental Quality for a commercial Building & capability saving - Dissertation ExampleThe main reason for these functions like heating, ventilation, cooling, and direct-conditioning is to make occupants of rooms comfortable (Awbi, 2003). VAV arrangement is one of the HVAC applications and its main purpose is to reduce energy cost as well as tutelage cost. The exercising of VAV process contains 2 main components and the components ar the room and the VAV damper. The main VAV occupation handling placement is the embedded HVAC system which most of the times are invisible. It is this system that is responsible for delivery of conditioned air to the whole building or structure. The office of this type of system has two merits and the merits are based on the constant volume that is found within the system. This system has the fan assert capacity unlike otherwise systems like CAV and the fan control capacity en hances reduction of the used amount of energy. CHAPTER ONE 1.1 INTRODUCTION Variable Air Volume also comm simply known as (VAV) system is a kind of ventilation, heating, and air-conditioning devices that use a supply duct of fresh air and gives out hot or cool air as the supply air. The air which is being supplied to this device most of the time has constant temperature and therefore, the resultant flow of air always varies for the achievement of the fall and rise of the losses or gains characterized with thermal zone. Most of the VAV systems have two primary merits and the merits are due to the constant volume within the system. The system has a fan control capacity which is capable of reducing the amount of energy consumed through the fan. This energy which is used by the fans forms the occur energy cooling requirements which are beneficial to the building (Etheridge & Sandberg, 1996). The Variable Air Volume system has a lot of dehumidification compared to the constant volume sy stem because the constant volume system is capable of modulating the temperature of the discharge air. The improvement of the temperature for the discharged air constitutes the cooling load of the whole system. Within this system the blowing rate for the air is greatly varied and in the case of Variable Air Volume with a single handler for air, the avail for various multiple zones can be achieved. The flow rate associated with each multiple zone when only one handler is operational is always varied. The Variable Air system has a terminal unit and this terminal unit acts as a VAV loge which controls the air flow rate for the different zones. This box operates automatically with the help of the actuator. There is a direct connection between the central or topical anaesthetic control systems with the VAV box and the control system at times is pneumatically controlled. The use of Variable Air Volume (VAV) for many years has been able to provide quality indoor air thereby amend the quality of the surrounding environment. The quality of the surrounding air greatly affects the general environmental quality and therefore, the use of this system has been preferred in many buildings that belong to private individuals as well as companies. A lot of health benefits are attributed to indoor air quality since low quality air contains microbes that are capable of affecting the occupants of the buildings (Chadderton, 2004). A lot of prevalence has been given to the VAV system compared to CV system and this prevalence is

ETMA05 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ETMA05 - Essay ExampleUnder each respective heading a retrospect of the advantages and disadvantages of litigation and ADR will be provided. The section titled The ADR Process will focus on exploring the issues which should be considered before making a decision whether or not ADR is suited to a particular subject area. This section mainly focuses on the Civil Procedure Rules 1998, particularly the overriding objective, which provides assistance in determining whether or not a case is suited to the ADR process. The section titled Civil Trial considers the advantages and disadvantages of litigation as a form of dispute resolution. Conclusion In the Conclusion, the findings will be summarised then an doctrine shall be formed. This is in respect of what issues a solicitor should consider with a client before deciding if the case is suited to the ADR process. The conclusion refers to the main points in the Introduction and draws a close to the detailed points made in the main body of the essay. Question 2 Introduction Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is the term disposed(p) to a variety of methods of resolving disputes other than by initiating court proceedings. Some examples of ADR are negotiation, mediation, arbitration, conciliation and adjudication. The non-homogeneous different forms of ADR vary considerably in terms of the cognitive operation they adopt and the outcomes they are able to produce. For instance, arbitration is more akin to the court process, as it can produce a decision which is binding on the parties. Mediation, on the other hand, is more flexible in the approach which is adopted and the outcome can alone be determined by mutual agreement between the parties. Irrespective of which form of ADR is used however, ADR outright plays an important role in the English legal system. The important role ADR now enjoys largely results from a major review of the civil court rules and procedures in March 1994, which was carried out by Lord Woo lf. The jumper cable objective of the review was to improve access to justice, whilst reducing the costs associated with litigation, thereby making the system more lay person friendly by reducing complexities, and removing unnecessary differences between practice and procedure. The review resulted in the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 (CPR), which came into effect on 26th April 1999. Albeit, even prior to the introduction of the 1998 Rules, it became obvious that ADR was going to play an important part in the new civil justice landscape. ADR is now an intrench and integral part of the new civil justice system. The new civil justice system therefrom operates on the premise that, inter alia, litigation ought to be avoided wherever possible. Where litigation is deemed necessary, however, Lord Woolfs opinion was that the procedure ought to be less adversarial and more cooperative. ADR is a process that neatly fits into this new civil procedure framework. In fact, under the new CPR a par ty/person who fails to seriously consider ADR at the pre-trial stage could expose that party to a penalty at the costs stage of the litigation process. It follows thus that legal representatives are under a professional duty to consider ADR, as an alternative to litigation, as a means of reaching an amicable settlement. Collectively all methods of resolving disputes

Wk6(31) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wk6(31) - set about ExampleA man received the promotion instead and he was less qualified than she was and had been at the job for less time. She matte she should have had the promotion but she was not sure what to do in the situation. Eventually, she quit the company and found a better job elsewhere.I asked her why she specifically left-hand(a) and she said it was because the company did not have the integrity she though tit had. The boss did not see to want the best qualified person, but only another male in the position. She alike felt that if she stayed in that position, she would never see an opportunity for promotion.In the beginning of the interview, I felt that talking to her and getting to know her a bit was my way of building rapport. Throughout the interview, I kept eye fulfil as best I could and I used attending and listening skills. The more I was attentive, the more information she gave. I could tell that this was still a sore subject with her b but she was un coerced to tell me about it.I believe that I showed empathy by generalizing what she was saying to me at certain points in the conversation to make sure that I understand what she was saying or feeling. I asked her about the evoke she still felt and she said that although it happened a few years ago, she was still working through the anger. I did my best to be in the moment with Sandra. I agree with what Graybar and Leonard (2005) said about the counselor having to enclose the emotional world of another person (p. 2). I asked a lot of questions for clarification because I felt they opened a stronger rapport with Sandra and allowed her to tell her story without having to explain every little detail to me.I did ask counselor/client questions. As an example, I asked her to identify the feelings about the loss of the promotion. I also asked her to define why she left the position and how this made her feel. I asked her to think deeply about this instead than saying the first thing th at came to mind

Personal Budgets in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Personal Budgets in the UK - Essay ExampleAccording to the paper, in response to the increasing bespeak and the rising public expectations based on choice and quality, the government decided to act. It set out to render the way in which care and defy were offered for the older and disabled adults. At the heart of this transformation was a very powerful idea that would potentially revolutionize how the disabled and older persons received their care. The idea was fundamentally based on personalization. That is, instead of commissioning care and support services for people living in its area, the local authority would depart eligible persons with their own personal budgets so they could acquire help and tending that would be more attuned to their individual needs and circumstances. Personalization is aimed at giving the people more choice and fudge over the kind of support they acquire. It is defined as the ability of an individual to determine what type of support to get despite the mode of payment used by the one seeking healthcare services. These may include taper payment or personal budgets. Direct ayments are defined as the direct cash payments given to service users in lieu of community services that are in involve based on assessments done they are aimed at giving a wider choice to the clients. Personal budgets on the other hand describe the allocations given to users after assessment which meets their assessed needs fully. This is all in intermit of the governments wider agenda to improve efficacy and responsiveness of public services. These personal budgets can provide flexibility, choice and control to the service users. Further, they can improve health and well-being and ultimately, user satisfaction.

A Shining Thread of Hope - The History of Black Women in America Essay

A hopeful Thread of Hope - The History of Black Women in America - Essay ExampleIt is through this specialty and the resulting bonds of family, community and faith, the authors argue, that both yesterdays and todays African American woman is start out to be recognized for her significant contri scarcelyions to the progress and development of the United States and the importance she continues to play in providing examples to live, build and raise a family in trying times with dignity, grace, love and success.The prologue of the book immediately captures the readers attention with a detailed description of a young African womans spirit in the earliest days of the colonies. This pattern is continued with further detail into this and other stories of African women in the early colonies as the book moves into its first chapter. The sense of immediacy is developed as the authors fictionalize to a degree in describing Lucy Terry Prince and other early African women brought to America. A young woman stood on the shores of the New World. We do not know this womans name, but we go away call her Oni. She will be, for us, not a number one of twenty slaves who were the first to be brought to North America but the real woman she was (8). Although they arrived on these shores as slaves, the authors demonstrate how these early slaves gained freedom, happiness, land ownership, scholarship and, at times, a degree of equality with their white neighbors. Yet there remain significant gaps to these stories as the children disappear or the family property is swallowed up by white invaders. It is important to remember that other African Americans, women as well up as men, were simultaneously creating a separate culture. Its development was not usually recorded, and few names mother come down to us (26). As they describe these stories, the authors also work to distance themselves from the stories, often turn back to the narrative scholastic voice of the present rather

Augmenting the Level of Production of Renewable Energy within the UK Coursework

Augmenting the Level of Production of Renewable vigour within the UK - Coursework ExampleThe report discusses the various prospects and policies of the project along with its implication upon the stakeholders specifically the natural environment. Notably, the commence of the Department of zipper and modality Change to initiate the Severn Tidal Power can be regarded as a positive attempt to ensure a better and sustainable position for the energy sphere of the nation. It also attempts to depict the positive impact the project can have on the future generations in terms of environmental sustainability and abundance of natural power and resources. However, the analysis suggested that the approach might cause crude(a) negative implication upon the natural environment and habitat that can further endanger the lives of the aquatic animals. Contextually, several(prenominal) key recommendations have been made to mitigate the same in the long run. In the present daylight context, the cli mate change has become one of the sever issues in the global environment and likewise, authorities of for each one and every nation are emerging with approaches to deal with this particular environmental concern one-way or the other. There are numerous approaches that can be adapted to deal with the contemporary environmental issue. wiz such approach is the reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases to the natural environment. Contextually, this particular report will go forth a brief overview of the approaches of the UK government to mitigate the environmental problems prevalent within the nation. The Committee on Climate Change has emphasized the production of renewable energy so that negative impact towards the environment could be mitigated. Likewise, this report will focus on providing a critical assessment of the proposal of the Department of Energy and Climate Change of UK to comprehend its probable effectiveness in a comprehensive manner.

The Houpu Herbal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Houpu herbal tea - Essay ExampleThe bark, houpu, though, has a more catholic application in traditional Chinese medication and numerous devious formulations are made of it to treat lung disorders like coughs and asthma and intestinal ones like infections and spasms. Also, the houpu forms a major component of medicines targeting abdominal swellings and edema (Dharmananda, Undated).The active components of the flower buds lack alkaloids and none have been nominate to date while aromatics with their decongestant properties like monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes have been considerablely evident (Dharmananda, Undated).In contrast, the bark, houpu, has a more tangled nature and contains numerous carbon compounds. The pleasant fragrance is attributed to two sets of non-alkaloids - the mildly sweet-flavored biphenols magnolol and honokiol and the strongly scented triterpene eudesmol (Dharmananda, Undated). These latter biphenols and triterpene - magnolol, honokiol and eudesmol - are t he main medicinal constituents from the bark houpu. Magnolol (2-11%), honokiol (0.3-4.6%) and eudesmol (1%) vary from species to species and also from region to region. Modern pharmacologic investigations have revealed that these three constituents have the following properties - 1) anxiolytic effects 2) abilities to enhance steroid production by the adrenal cortex 3) abilities to inhibit bacteria and fungi 4) antioxidant effects 5) abilities to reduce inflammation and pain 6) abilities to placate seizures and 7) active antitoxic effects against organophosphoric pesticides (Dharmananda, Undated).The bark huopu also contains some alkaloids - benzylisoquinoline ones such as magnoflorine, magnocurarine and salicifoline. Of these, the most abundant is magnocurarine at 0.2% of the commercial bark material (Dharmananda, Undated). Other trace alkaloids are oxuoshinsunine, anonaine and michelabine. These alkaloids are not believed to curb part in the pharmacological action of the bark th ough it is believed that they do have partial roles in its antispasmodic effects (Dharmananda, Undated). Though it is settled among pharmacologists that the three main alkaloids are common to this species there is alter repute of other alkaloids detected in trace quantities in the same or different sub-species. Thus, Rowe and Conner, 1979, report that, aside from the three above-mentioned main alkaloids, certain magnolia sub-species also contain other alkaloids such as D-O-methylarmepavine in the stem. Also, the sub-species evident in the Confederate parts of the US contains traces of anolobine, N-nornuciferine, liridenine and candicine (Rowe and Conner, 1979). There is also report of the Southern magnolia sub-species containing the glycosides magnolidin, magnolenin and magnosidin (Rowe and Conner, 1979).Traditional Chinese ViewpointOne straighten outical medical text from China Shen nong ben cao jing (Chinese Medical Classics, Pregadio, Undated) lists houpo as a 3rd class remed y (Forrest, 1995). This is because though the alkaloid magnocurarine is useful in minute quantities it is toxic in larger doses and proves contraindicative for pregnant women. In contrast, the flower buds extract is listed in the same text as a 1st class remedy and prescribed for women, including pregnant ones (Forrest, 1995).

Reflection paper The roles of the olympic game Essay

Reflection story The roles of the olympic game - Essay ExampleThe Games have highlighted the position of the leaders who have been a broach in suppressing racism. It besides has been far more effective in fighting with the forces of doping and eliminating them. The fashion model of Seoul majestic Games could be seen as force that led to the democratization of the country. After the end of the prodigious Games in Seoul, the array rule in Korea was replaced by the administration of a multiparty that has been elected by the people. The majestic Games have also provided a platform to the host nation to portray their stinting dominance and a scope to corroborate their position as the world leader. The award of the Olympic Games to the host nation is also the recognition of the planetary community as place that has the infrastructure and the potential to hold international events. Hover, the characteristic features professed by the Olympic Games have contradicted themselves. Th is has been evident on a number of occasions that include the integration of the Nazi regime in the Berlin Olympic Games in 1936. The massacre of student protestors during the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City is also an example which does not reflect the true olfactory sensation of the Olympic Games. Awarding the Olympic Games to Korea is another example which contradicts the principles and spirit of the Games. These factors were important for the consideration in context of the Olympic Games in Beijing, 2008. Integration of readings The news report of Olympic Games suggests that the superlative international event on sports in earth has always spread the pass on of peace, harmony and democratization of the world economy. It has also recognized the leadership position of the host nation in making economic progress and in effectively suppressing the forces of racism and discrimination. The contradictions to these virtues of Olympic Games held in the past showed ominous signs for the Olympic games of Beijing, 2008. In the past, the Berlin Games of 1936 showed acceptance of the Nazi regime as anti-humanist forces. The 1968 Games in the Mexico City also witnessed massacre of the student protestors. These minus incidents were likely to be accepted through the Olympic Games in Beijing, 2008 as China got involved in several international incidents that affected its international flick adversely (Horne andWhannel 67). As compared to the earlier instances in Berlin and Mexico City, the exoteric image of the Chinese economy worsened even more. The incidents include the continuous repression of China over the territories of Tibet, failure in intervening in Darfur, Sudan and the lack of safety and environmental pollution of the exported goods. It was, therefore, a concern that the Olympic Games has again been awarded to a country that is not able to sustain its international positions as per the virtues and principles of the Games. Critical compend The Olympic G ames have been a platform which was used by the host nations over the period of history to portray their economic dominance in the international stage. The Olympic Games have always spread the message of harmony and peace and recognized the host nation as the flag holder of their virtues and principles. The international image of the countries that hosted the Olympic Games has been a significant factor against the forces of racism and discrimination. The Seoul Olympic Games led to the democratization of Korea. The Olympic Games were awarded at a time when South Korea was in a state of war with North Korea.

How are conjoined twins typically viewed by society According to Essay

How are conjoined parallel typically viewed by society According to Dreger, how do reactions to conjoined twins relate to fears and anxieties almost conjoined sexuality What does this await to prove for Dreger - Essay ExampleAnatomical restrictions, such as being conjoined, influence assumptions of people on what is normal and perception of ability to live a meaningful and individual life (Dreger, 2). As explicit by one of the doctors who evaluated the possibility of separating conjoined twins, the separation was eminent and crucial for all conjoined twins for the well-being of the social body (Dreger, 24).Anatomical normalization dictates privilege, norms, standards, and rules to preserve order and protect those who are threatened thus, society feels awkwardness when dealing with conjoined twins (Dreger, 2). Dreger stated that, it is the recognition of this awkwardness, the recognition of how comfortable it peck be to considered normal, how uncomfortable it can be to be consid ered abnormal, that motivates adults to want to surgically normalize children born with unmatched anatomies (Dreger, 5).Pity, the most prevalent reactions to conjoined twins, leads to actions that will not offend the conjoined twins. Based on the examples of Dreger, fears and anxieties about conjoined sexuality arise because people do not want to offend the less heaven-sent and vulnerable individuals (1). The perception and reaction of the society seem to prove to Dreger that anatomy matters a lot in building ones identity in the society. Societal pressure arises, particularly to individuals with anatomical reproach (conjoined twins) because they are not viewed as normal and their anatomical conditions limits their political and social

Love. Response papers week 7 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love. Response papers week 7 - Assignment ExampleThe same applies to nursing. unconnected from the experience of the original responder, there are other evidences indicating that practicing nurses utilize intuition, and it has been powerful in changing patient role kayoedcomes (McCutcheon and Pincombe, 2001). The power of intuition also cuts across disciplines including the sciences. According to Holton and Elkana (1997), some scientists have agreed that intuition has had a part to play in innovation and scientific discovery. The power of intuition therefore transcends human consciousness and innovation in scientific discovery. Improved patient outcomes, witnessed by nurses using intuition over logical system in their nursing practice, are testimony to the importance of intuition. Because of its influence on the wellbeing of patients, there is a need to recognize intuition as an important tool in the nursing practice.The world urgently needs a unique role model, a person different from the common leaders so as to stop the endless reports of abandoned values, exploitation, manipulation, betrayed trust and discrimination. It is important for leaders to adopt the Lead give care Jesus style to achieve success and to attain to constructive influence. Just like the traits portrayed by Jesus, the characters outlined by Blanchard (2005) are somehow universal. By acting that way, Jesus was able to accommodate sinners understand them. The same should apply to modern leaders. Never will all members of a sports team or employees of a company possess the same characters, but the leader must focus on how to bring out the potential in them. This means that the first thing is to make them feel appreciated, mold them to fit the organizational culture, and then dig into their potentialities and talents.Tim Tebow can be said to have achieved this very well as exhibit by the Tebowing practice. Tebowing is evidence that Tims unconditional love has generated an integrative and accepting

Globalization and Migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Globalization and Migration - Essay ExampleThe batch in this manhood belong to different religions, different continents, different continents, different cultures and different races. There atomic number 18 many differences in the ways the people living in different prospect differ.The people need to be sure of the differences and they need to explore and know more. For that reason we see that the people have started travelling around the reality to know more and to get answers to the questions. This is the concepts of globalisation.Globalization is the concept and the rationale in itself. It means the people are moving to other places to get more from the people who belong to the different religions and the cultures. The concept that underlies the idea of the globalization is migration.Migration is the movement of the people across the borders, from one country to the other, with the permission of the higher authorities belonging to the overseas destination country. In this way too the globalization is still there.The countries have higher authorities which are known to us as the embassies. The embassies are the authorities which the grant the foreigners the permission to make entry in their countries. This restriction to the easy and open entry is due to many factors. The main factor is the illegal activities that go through due to the foreign immigrants in the country which in the end might be harmful or detrimental for the countrys safety. For the purpose of the migration some countries have lower restrictions as compared to the other countries. Illegal activities and globalizationWith the attach in the globalization and the increase in the people travelling to the other destinations of the world, it has been seen that the criminal activates are to a fault increasing day by day. The ease with which the people are able to cross the borders of the countries make the people perform some illegal activities including the illegal migrations, the man s muggling or the human trafficking. This list excessively includes the refugees which are able to cross the borders across to the other countries and they take their refugee in the other countries. Human trafficking The eggshellFriman and Reich (2007) discuss that there are two concepts that might be intermixed in this case. The first concept is called the human smuggling which is very different from the human trafficking. The human smuggling means that the psyche wants to be transported across the border illegally and the smuggler is paid some fee for that and after being transported illegally, smuggled person is free to do any thing in the other country.In the second case the human trafficking means that the person so the persons are transported across the borders, though illegally, in addition against the will and the craving of the person being transported. The people being transported are transported force fully.The reasons underlying human traffickingThe human trafficking is through with(p) so that the people are forced into some illegal work forces. This includes the forced slavery, servitude or debt bondage. In this way the trafficker deprives the person of the basic human rights of the person who is being trafficked across the border. The person is sometimes physically forced to being trafficked. It has been seen that the people are even deceived into lies such as better futures in the

Corporate Social Responsibility for Multi-national Organizations Essay

corporate Social Responsibility for Multi-national Organizations - Essay ExampleCompanies like GE, BP, Starbucks, Dell, Pfizer, and Apple are loved and hated by many people for many different reasons (Colvin, 2006). However, none of these companies can afford their brand name and picture to be tarnished in any way. Undoubtedly, we are living in the information age and even rumors most a companys suppliers maltreating employees in China, or the companys employees facing racial as well as gender base discrimination can have real effects on the bottom line of the company. Even though it is possible for a company to be appreciated based on its financial performance alone (Forbes, 2005), greater appreciation comes with social responsibility along with financial performance (Natural Health, 2005).The combination of these two forces means that a company has to be extremely careful in maintaining its image as well as its profits. Social responsibility is not merely an idea for olympian the ethical responsibility of a company it is the chance to seek out an image that has remained exclusively in the domain of NGOs and social organizations i.e. being a green company. While this implies being environmentally friendly, the environment includes a lot more than making sure that the smokestacks of the industry do not create more than an unimpeachable level of pollution. In the context of social responsibility, the environment also includes the business environment of the company including who supplies hearty to the firm and who buys its products.Strangely enough, GE has been rated as the most admired company in America (Fisher, 2006) as well as the world (Demos, 2006) yet it has only published two corporate responsibility reports in all its existence. The first one was published in 2005 and the second one was published this year (GE, 2006). Considering that several(prenominal) other companies have been publishing such reports since 1995,

The causes of the current aberrant weather patterns Essay

The causes of the current aberrant weather patterns - Essay exerciseHence, a change in the weather pattern occurs.2. Changes to Earths Orbit For thousands of years, the earth got considered as a natural cycle that results to aberrant weather patterns. Its effect is extremely low. The tilting of the axis, the orbits become and the rotation of the earth, affected the quantity of solar energy entering the earth causing ambience imbalances (Spencer, paginate 57).3. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Human industrialization has caused more to the environment. Industries produce some of the most toxic hit man effluents to the atmosphere. These gases include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and many other gases. Carbon dioxide gets produced in surplus to the atmosphere leading to capturing of heat (Spencer, page 50). This causes imbalance to average temperature of the atmosphere. Hence, it leads to the aberrant weather pattern.4. Pollution - Some of gases, such as sulfur dioxide results to depletion of the ozone layer. This results to entry of more harmful and powerful to the atmosphere causing global warming, which in turn leads to aberrant weather patterns (Spencer, page

Supply and Demand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Supply and Demand - Essay ExampleCauses of shifts in necessary curve Economists stipulate that increase and decrease in the quantity of a product filmed depends on the unit expenditure imposed thus the chance upon curve go out shift upwards from the right towards the left over(p) at reduced prices, piece it would reflect backward slumps at change magnitude unit prices. Further, changes in per capita incomes and shifts in the prices for substitute commodities also influence a positive or negative shift in the command curve. Demand shifts may also occur in the event of varied tastes and preferences, different expectations, and standards of living (Musgrave, et al 2009). Fig.1 admit and provide curves at the state of equilibrium Discussion of the equilibrium price and quantity, and the effects of occupy and supply shifts upon the equilibriums Equilibrium price and quantity The charter and supply utilities pose equity in grocery store when the quantity supplied equals the foregoing amount of demand. Similarly, the equilibrium results when the amount supplied meets all the demand satisfactorily without any remain surplus. The situation is called a prefect market whereby the demand and supply curves conform at a certain appoint whereby the imposed unit price for the commodity is favourable to buyers and sellers such that all unit sales transcend meeting the demand satisfactorily (Boyes, & Melvin, 2013). Fig.2 equilibrium points Effects of demand and supply shifts upon the equilibriums Demand and supply shifts affect equilibriums when one of the utility shifts while the other one stagnates. For instance, a increase in the supply for products while the demand trunk constant shall cause a reduction of the prices while in the event of increased supply, the price will increase accordingly (Cohn, 2007). Consequently, an increase in the demand for commodities while the supply remains constant leads to increased prices and thereby the shifts move unevenl y and cause disequilibrium, which implies varied instead of equated prices to the quantities. Fig.2 shifts in the demand and supply curves and the point of equilibrium Price elasticity of demand and supply Price elasticity of demand and supply suggests the natural course that the unit prices of commodities will either increase or decrease whenever the demand or supply increases or reduces respectively. Price elasticity of demand prevails when the rise of demand for products leads to increased prices since the supply remains constant (Musgrave, et al 2009). This situation prevails for necessary goods such that increase in demand will lead to increase in prices, but with the absence of reduction in the marginal consumption or increased supply, buyers will continue to purchase the commodity at the increased price. On the other hand, price elasticity of supply occurs whenever product prices increase or reduce in the event of reduced or increased quantity in the market while the demand r emains constant. However, there are periods when demand and supply shifts are inelastic towards price increments and price reductions (Cohn, 2007). For example, the increase in the price of luxury and goods of newsbreak will lead to increased demand and reduced supply thus causing price inelasticity such that the curves can never conform to the law of equilibrium. Fig.3 price elasticity

Blackout Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Blackout - Article ExampleThis is the chemise even during my studies and classes as I find things that I will discuss or funny anecdotes I will send them of events that took place during the lecture or family meetings. The need to connect and be a honor is too great what with all the friends being in the same position and the lack of need for solitude.I simply did non relate with solitude. For the frontmost corresponding seven hours, I enjoyed being alone without both distractions and I even caught a lot of sleep which I rarely do because I am either surfing on the net, texting or watching television even in the middle of the darkness or during my study time. After the seven or so hours, I got bored and I could not think of anything to do.Anxiety started kicking in and this was closely followed by anger for even agreeing to do this. scourge was the next reaction as I started concocting these weird visions of how everything would go wrong in the world and I would be left out a nd I hate being a social outcast which is the touching I was experiencing once the panic eased after discussions and long family talks of childhood memories.After that, I could not believe it but I started enjoying the solitude and I have to agree with the author that I could actually think and enjoying the intimacy of the solitude planning my future and thinking of all the goals I would like to achieve as well as things I would like to change in my life. The rest of the 48 hours passed rather too soon and I have to repeat that exercise at some operate in future and do it more often as I felt very relaxed for the first time since I discovered the internet.It depends on the news. Serious news about politics, insecurity, violence and hunger fix solitude as one tends to recline in this alone space to think about the nowadays and future of oneself and others and the role one can play to

Les Misérables Essay Example for Free

Les Misrables Essay headmaster Hugo Les Miserables BACKGROUND Victor Marie Hugo was the son of a general in Napoleons army, and much of his childhood was therefore worn-out(a) amid the backdrop of Napoleons campaigns in Spain and in Italy. The first three geezerhood of his life were worn-out(a) in Elba, where he learnt to speak the Italian dialect spoken in the island in addition to his pose tongue. Victor got a little education in a small school. At the age of eleven, Hugo returned to detain with his mother in Paris, where he got a little education in a small and where he also became infatuated with books and literature. By the time he was fifteen, he had already submitted one poem to a contest sponsored by the prestigious French Academy. There he learnt much from an old soldier, General Lahorie, who, obnoxious to Napoleon for the share he had taken in Moreaus plot, lived secretly in the house, and from an old priest named Lariviere, who came either day to teach Victor and his two brothers. In 1815, at the age of thirteen, he was sent to a boarding school to prepare for the Ecole Polytechnique. But he devoted himself, even at school, to verse-writing with greater style than to study.He wrote in early youth to a greater extent than one poem for a prize competition, placid a romance which some years later he elaborated into the story Bug Jargal, and in 1820, when only eighteen, joined his two brothers, Abel and Eugene, in publishing a literary journal called Le Conservateur Litteraire. Hugo publish his first novel the year following his marriage (Han dIslande, 1823) and his second three years later (Bug-Jargal, 1826). By the end of 1822 Victor Hugo was fully launched on a literary career, and for twenty years or more the story of his life is mainly the story of his literary output.Because of his successful drama Cormwell, the preface to which, with its note of rebelliousness to literary convention, caused him to be definitely accepted as the hea d of the Romantic School of song. The revolution of 1830 imbalanced for a moment his literary activity, but as soon as things were quiet again he shut himself in his study with a bottle of ink, a pen, and an immense pile of paper. For six weeks he was never seen, except at dinner-time, and the result was The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831).During the next ten years four volumes of poetry and four dramas were published in 1841 came his election to the Academy, and in 1843 he published Les Burgraves, a drama which was less(prenominal) successful than his former plays, and which marks the close of his career as a dramatist. In the same year there came to him the greatest sorrow of his life. His most famous poem was Demain, des laube in which he describes the crucial moment where he visits his daughters grave. As Hugo grew older, his politics became increasingly leftist, and he was forced to flee France in 1851 because of his opposition to the monarch Louis Napoleon.Hugo remained in e xile until 1870, when he returned to his home country as a theme hero. He continued to write until his death in 1885. He was buried with every conceivable keep an eye on in one of the grandest funerals in modern French history. The Book Les Miserable Hugo began writing Les Miserables twenty years before its eventual publication in 1862. His goals in writing the novel were as lofty as the reputation it has subsequently acquired Les Miserables is primarily a great humanitarian work that encourages compassion and hope in the face of adversity and injustice.It is also, however, a historical novel of great scope and analysis, and it provides a detailed mint of nineteenth-century French politics and society. By coupling his story of redemption with a meticulous documentation of the injustices of Frances recent past, Hugo hoped Les Miserables would encourage a more progressive and democratic future. Driven by his commitment to elucidate and progress, Hugo wrote Les Miserables with not hing less than a literary and political revolution in mind.Les Miserables employs Hugos style of originative realism and is set in an artificially created human hell that emphasizes the three major predicaments of the nineteenth century. to each one of the three major characters in the novel symbolizes one of these predicaments Jean Valjean represents the degradation of man in the proletariat, Fantine represents the oppression of women through hunger, and Cosette represents the atrophy of the child by darkness. In part, the novels fame has endured because Hugo successfully created characters that serve as symbols of larger problems without being flat devices.

Performance Management And Learning And Development Essay Example for Free

executing guidance And larn And Development EssayIntroductionIn the 19th cytosine university was meant to be a nonional theatre, speckle the factory was the place for formal prep atomic number 18 and scholarship. Education is broader in scope than bringing up and it has a less particularised application than training, as it is delivered in educational institutions. As a result, there has ever so been a tension between the pauperizations of industry and the educational take awayments of the individual, as society fates nation who arseful contrisolelye in a comprehensive way (Wilson, 2005).A century later, West go beyond the factory and manufacturing as the basis for economic wealth halt been getd. Comp atomic number 18d to earlier centuries this instant this century is subject to demolish the trading, political and economic barriers, which hampered the progress in the old days. The arrival of mass media and technology is re-shaping our lives at a breathtak ing speed the concept of eruditeness is now not a stagnant figure out, tho in a flux and evolving every day (Beckett, 2000).The temperament of spurt is changing with the intimacy miserliness in boom, giving rise to unparalleled aims for molding in work settings through coherent training. Enterprises ask integrated advancement to possess fellowship workers, which is the right prescription for businesses today. It is hard to score hard-hitting employment and training found policies which give high priority to education and training-both at a time.Countries homogeneous Korea and Singapore atomic number 18 seriously investing in their humankind resources, while the poor countries do not pull in sufficient funds to adjoin their evolution needs. The overall goal of the global thriftiness is countenance opportunities to people and obtain productive work with dignity, which requires a framework to address worker and producer needs. To receive such(prenominal) require ments, the overbold millennium needs a shift from traditional approach and demands newfangled human resources victimisation and training policies.Learning and pedagogyLearning passel take place either in formal settings, such as school/university or in less formal make-upal settings. Possessing experience is different from subscribeing, as erudition has limited value and is not a guarantee of being skillful, until intrust to practice in real world.Wilson (2005) has defined learnedness as a permanent vary of noesis, spot or behaviour occurring as a result of formal education or training, or as a result of informal experiences.Learning, education and bring outment are a lot muddled together, however they work specific meanings as explained below learn = learning related to present jobEducation = learning to prepare the individual just now not related to a specific present or proximo jobDevelopment = learning for growth of the individual that not related to a spec ific present or future job.It has been recognised by the first steps that passive learning cannot not suss out an ideal studyal process necessary in the business world. The managers find it hard to believe, that, seminars and workshops can teach management. It is argued, that end methodology, lectures, discussions and theories are useful, but they never find its way into the corridors of business world. As a result, managers and educational theorists elicit experiential learning, which trains workers in work place more effectively.According to the polish of Training Terms (2005), training is a planned process to modify attitude, bedledge or skill behaviour through learning experience to fulfil effective surgery in an activity or range of activities. Its purpose, in the work situation, is to develop the abilities of the individual and to satisfy the current and future needs of the arrangement.Rothwell (2003) mentioned that, training equips individuals and groups in an fac e to improve their work carrying into action. However, training alone cannot alleviate a poor work, which may be collectible to the lack of rewards and incentives. Training is put into practice for a variety of reasons, such as orientation training for new workers or sending employees for special assignments and preparing employees to support critical activities (Wilkinson, 2005).The HRD equips people with necessary skills in trine ways (McGoldrickand, 2001)..Individual Development addresses broad areas and addresses, such as skill development, interpersonal skills, career development, etc.occupational /Group Development occurs among the groups through a team building programs. It too applies to specific occupational groups, such as implementation of new legislation.Organizational Development covers the whole organization. It can be defined as a collection of planned change interventions, built on humanistic-democratic values, that seek to improve organizational metier and empl oyee well-being(Wilson and John, 2005). The well-known examples are the conception of a customer care programs across the organization and the introduction of total quality management, which requires all individuals and groups to become involved.Mumfords (1995) mentions that, an organization where people continually expand their capacity to create the results- truly invent patterns of thinking for collective learning.This process can be defined as avocationPersonal mastery, ensuring individual motivation to learnmental flairls, creating an openness to misconceptionsshared vision, building long-term inscription in peopleteam learning, developing group skills like cooperation, colloquy and so forth dusts thinking, which constitutes desegregation with other disciplinesthe other four.All these disciplines are to be practiced together to create an impact and essential be practiced by all the members of organization to work together. Each problem and dilemma is crisis and workers l earn from crisis and difficulties together and try to development process, where all workers profit from each others experiences.Shift of Training in Knowledge EconomyDrucker (1993) has mentioned that, Every few hundred long time in western history there occurs a sharp transformation. Within a few short decades, society rearranges itself its world bewitch its basic values its social and political structure its arts its key institutions. The shift from industrial- found economies to enterprises started 20 years ago, moving to market share and hierarchical management focusing on a knowledge based economic system. If the industrial economy was driven by cheap energy todays knowledge economy is driven by inexpensive microchips and knowledge management enabling businesses to take benefit of the new knowledge (Trask, 1996).The modern corporation is over and the postmodern corporation is different. Today companies may look the same from impertinentbut behind the faade, everything is d ifferent. They are no longer connected to the boiler or routine machines, but now in the business of knowledge creation. The activity of knowledge-based organization is not producing machine or might toys, but producing and managing knowledge. The knowledge economy differs from the old one, as the new economy is ever-increasing in information metier and packed with more knowledge, data, and ideas.Now knowledge resides in the magnetic strip, not the plastic. The knowledge-based economy has new rules and standards, which require new ways of living and working, business, which do not acquire knowledge workers, are destined to die.Wolfensohn (1999) has mentioned that, the knowledge-based economy relies on ideas and applications of technology rather than physical strength, which was done on the exploitation of cheap labor. In this new economy knowledge is created, acquired, transmitted, and sold by individuals, enterprises, organizations, and communities for the promotion of economic d evelopment. In the industrial world, knowledge-based industries are growing fast, while exertion market demands are also changing. The new technologies insist on highly skilful workers, diminishing demand for the low skilled workers.One of the key factors that distinguish intelligent business enterprise of the 21st century is emphasis on knowledge and information. Knowledge management is an important means by which organizations can better manage information and knowledge. Knowledge management encompasses a range of concepts, ranging from management tasks to technical practices, all come under the umbrella of the management of knowledge (Gupta, 2003). The successful organizations are aggressive, fast paced and have the ability to create knowledge to maximize organizational strategic success. In todays world, knowledge is a resource, which is critical to an organizations survival and success in the global economy.As the nature of work is changing, knowledge is regarded as a primary resource-giving rise to the unprecedented demand for learning in the working environment. Enterprises need to offer this new learning at work and create knowledge workers, which have become required part of the incarnate world. The workplace has become a site of learning associated with development of the enterprise through contributing to production and innovation. Thus the development of the individuals by providing training to create new knowledge is the nigh wanted asset of the enterprises today.The knowledge economy has four basic features as describe below (Trask, 1996).Knowledge developed and applied in new ways, especially through information revolution, which has provided not only new opportunities to access information, but it is also creating new opportunities for swift transfer of the knowledge travel up the process of worldwide change.Today product cycles have become shorter due to growing demand for innovation. In 1990s, it would take six years from concept to prod uction in the automobile industry now it takes only two years.Worldwide trade is increasing with increased competitive demands on producers. The countries, which are able to assimilate into the world economy, will achieve higher(prenominal) economic growth.Small and medium-size enterprises in the service firmament have become significant players, in terms of both economic growth and employment.In the change countries the employment has risen, but the patterns of employment are changing. The employers have re-organized workers into fixed and variable categories, while the fixed workers are career-oriented, the variable have little career progression and low access to education and training. These trends show that labour markets are becoming ruthless in their treatment of un-skilled workers and these low skilled workers stand at an edge. As a result working poor have grown in number and those working are underpaid and forced to work in miserable working conditions.The speed of chang e in the knowledge economy depreciates much more quickly compared to the past. In order to compete effectively in this changing environment, organisation need to upgrade their workers skills continuously. This rapid change in the knowledge economy is so swift that firms can no longer rely longer rely on fresh graduates. In order to meet such need, lifelong learning and training is crucial to enable workers to compete in the global economy. form-only(prenominal) education and training includes programs which are know by the Universities and institutes and lead to approved certificates and degrees.Non-formal education and training includes programs, which are not formally recognized by the national system, such as apprenticeship training programs and structured on-the-job training.Informal education and training includes unstructured learning, which can take place almost anywhere, home, community or workplace. It includes unstructured on-the-job training, the most common form of work place learning.This advancement in peoples ability will allow them to be not only useful for their organisation, but it will also enable them to function as a useful members of their communities.In a modern economy, the production of goods and go still relies on workers despite machine revolution. The need is to develop learning and training strategies, which allow these workers to learn new skills for new working conditions. It is crucial for the organisation to prepare workers for this new environment, which requires a new mode of education and training. This lifelong learning framework encompasses learning throughout the life cycle, from early childhood to retirement. It includes formal, non-formal, and informal education and training.In traditional industries most jobs require employees to learn how to perform routine functions, which, for the most part, remain constant over time and most learning used to take place when a worker started a new job. In the knowledge economy, c hange is so rapid that workers constantly need to acquire new skills. Firms need workers who are willing and able to update their skills throughout their lifetimes. Enterprises and organisation need to respond to these needs by creating education and training systems that equip people with the appropriate skills.The new millennium main challenge is to be employable and contribute to the economic growth in the global economy. This myth approach has set new rules for education, training and strategies in the organisations. The reason is that training not only advances interests of the individuals and enterprises, but it also augments the economic development of the nations. These new skills formation leads to equity in employment and society at large and allow the enterprise to reap the fruit of this human resources development.Performance anxietyAccording to Bacal (2004) exercise management is near creating relationships and ensuring effective communication and focusing on what o rganizations, managers, and employees need to succeed. It is a strategic approach to manage the business and improve organisational effectiveness with existing capabilities. Performance management provides development specialists with an opportunity to be innovative in influencing corporate strategy and contribute to the results. The goal of proceeding management is to ensure that the organization departments, teams, and employees are working in an optimum fashion to achieve the organization objective.At the end of ordinal century new performance management systems were born and cannibalizing the old systems, due to the presence of the technological expansions. focal point in the twenty-first century faces the challenge of creating and re-creating effective performance systems and requires a unique understanding of this process.Performance management process is about professionalism and continuous learning and development. The overall goal of performance management is to ensure t hat the organization and all its subsystems departments, teams, employees are working together in an optimum fashion to achieve the results want by the organization.According to Bacal (2004), performance management is based on the following beliefs.Optimism Performance management is based on the belief that improvement is possible, and that the human and organizational conditions can be improved. Performance management is the view of the possibility that performance improvement is always there and change is possible as long as people are willing.A Pragmatic View Performance management is keeping the optimistic view, but it does have realistic view of improvement, understanding the possibilities for improvement and recognizing the barriers to success. Performance management addresses various threats in the system and try to solve it, rather than kill itA Balanced Approach It is natural to resist change in any organisation as change means changing habits. Performance management ima ge strategies, which are part of organizational decision- devising processes to build greater support for the change. It capitalizes on the opportunity for further improvement and success.Leadership. Performance management is built on the ethical knowledge. The true leaders determine promote beat practices in their organisation to further the success. Such practices require courage to bring change, yet adhering to professional morals ensuring that the change is consistent with legal requirements.Performance management is meant to establish a shared understanding about what is to be achieved and how it is to be achieved for an organization. To improve performance, individuals need to have a common understanding about what performance (and success) in their jobs looks like. It can be a list of tasks, objectives, or results or it can also be a set of behaviors or both. These goals need to be defined clearly with the jobholder so that people know what they are working toward? And what is expected from them to increase the probability of success (Lance, 1999). A continuous management process delivers clarity, support, feedback, and recognition to all staff.Performance Management ProcessPerformance management process is a communication process between an employee and his or her immediate supervisor with established expectation and understanding. This process is not meant to scupper or intimidate employees into neither being more productive nor does it mean to attack the personality of the employees, but it is a broad set of tools used to optimize the success of each employee for the larger interest of the organisation.The round off functioning of performance management depends on the developmental activity and management control. A developmental bid is essential to motivate workers and let them concentrate on work and commitment towards their respective organisation. Performance Management process is meant to measure the employee performance.It involves the fol lowing steps ( handbook for the Core Performance Management, 2005).Performance planningThe workers performance is recognized through employee performance plans. They are clearly told, what are the expectations? And what are the set standards. Thus it is essential to develop such standards, which are realistic and attainable. Individual at the level of induction stage clearly need understand their role in the organisation.Employee/Team PerformanceIn many organizations, employees work together to achieve the organizational objectives. The difference between group performance and an individuals contribution is that, the group performance is measured aggregately, while an employees performance is measured individually.Monitoring performanceAfter the assignment of job the progress of the workers are monitored by the manager/supervisor, to check how much they are really working.Employee developmentMentoring is essential process of employee development, the example can be set either by sho wing a high performer or by leader/manager, which helps the employee to overcome the difficulties. A frank discussion is essential to focus on employee areas of excellence, identifying the barriers to performance.Multiple start of Feed backIt is a process, which provides employees with performance information to enhance managerial feedback. It includes comments from various sources, such as collogues, supervisor report and coach reports as well.Figure 1.1Performance Management ProcessSource vade mecum for the core performance management, 2005Evaluating Evaluation is a two-way discussion in the form of written accompaniment to concentrate on employee areas of excellence, and identify the areas for improvement and further development needs.Stupak and Leitner (2001) warns that performance management measurement should not be punitive, but should be positive and should help the organisation, what the work do and what they should not and continue for organisation improvement. It shou ld not be as a tool to punish the guilty, but emphasis should be on finding the right direction for the organisation.Linkage of Learning and Development and Performance ManagementThe learning and development and performance management have been discussed separately earlier. Recent studies have shown, these processes are interrelated and are conjugated (Harrison, 2005). For example, in sharp firms, resources are stretched and workers have to switch roles, it becomes crucial to train and develop these workers, as they often have switch tasks.Following are the essential points in case of training in the small firm scenarioA well-focused induction program.Basic training in firm unique systems.A probation degree to evaluate the performance.Post confirmation development for further development.Badger (2001) has mentioned that in a situation where products and processes can be easily imitated, the only source of competitive advantage is to stimulate employee to learn. Organizations alwa ys seek to drop cost increase efficiency and productivity. Todays enterprises have started to evaluate learning and training programs to achieve higher performance from their workers, as they understand that learning and performance management are interrelated and inevitable to achieve competitive advantage.This competitive advantage can be achieved through the development of human resources by deploying a strategy to support its workers and enhance the organizational performance. The performance management process can positively develop the workforce self-esteem and keep them motivated, thereby giving them job satisfaction, to let them focus on the job. However its not mere training which can bring result, employee participation in decision making is essential as noticed by Peon and Ordas (2005), that organizations need to provide individuals with enough incentives and allow them to get in in the decision-making process to achieve higher performance.The ability of nations and org anizations to enhance the standard of living of the growing macrocosm depends on sustained increase in the productivity of the systems. In the inter-dependent global economy, productivity is essential to concur economic advantage for individuals and societies. People and institutions are inter-connected, and today countries have mutual interests in the game of higher productivity of other nations. A nation may gain short-term advantage from a lesser productive contributor, but in the long term lower productivity is a bad betoken for all the nations.ConclusionAccording to job Intelligence Board (2005), enterprises need to formally link learning and performance management process to measure the employee performance, as this can explain, weather learning has really resulted in higher performance. This link between learning and performance management is clear and the ultimate objective of learning management is to have an educated workforce, which can sustain the competitive advanta ge in the cutthroat corporate world. Learning and development are essentially related to performance management process, same as performance management process is not complete unless it embrace learning and development to fill the skill gaps determine in the workers.Various amounts of efforts have been done to linkage learning with performance, Thomson and Mabey(2001) mentions, many organisations failed to have higher performance from their workers, despite enormous amount of training. It has not yet yielded enough clear evidence of a direct link between learning and performance management. However, learning and development activity does consistently emerge as a crucial intervening factor. LD alone is not enough-it has to be an integral part of a assemble of appropriate HR strategies.ReferenceThomson.A and Mabey.C, Changing Patterns of Management Development,Blackwell Publishing.Marchington, M. and A. Wilkinson (2005), Human Resource Management at Work, London, CIPDStupak.J and Le itner.P (2001), enchiridion of Public Quality Management,Marcel Dekker PublicationsHarrison R (2005), Learning and Development, 4th edition, London.Workplace Learning, Culture and Performance, London, IFTDO.Badger,B (2001),Organizational Learning An falsifiable Assessment of Process in Small U.K. Manufacturing Firms, diary of Small Business Management, Vol. 39.Drucker.P (1993), The Practice of ManagementQuorum BooksBusiness Intelligence Board, www.businessintelligence.com (2005).Wilson, John.P (2005), Human Resource Development Learning and Training for Individuals and Organizations, Kogan Page Limited.Rothwell.J (2003), What CEOs Expect from Corporate Training Building Workplace Learning and Performance Initiatives That Advance Organizational Goals,Saranac Lake, NY, USA.Mumford.M (1995), Intercultural Sourcebook Cross-cultural Training Methods, Intercultural Press Inc.Beckett.D (2001) Life, Work, and Learning Practice and Postmodernity.Florence, KY, USA.Trask.L (1996), Building N ew Skills for the Knowledge Economy,Business Communications Review, Vol. 26.Lance.Berger (1999), Compensation Handbook,McGraw-Hill Professional Book Group, USA.Glossary of Training Terms (2005)http//forum.bodybuilding.com/Bacal.R (2004), How to Manage Performance.McGraw-Hill Companies, USA.McGoldrickand.J (2001),Understanding Human Resource Development Philosophy Processes Practice, Routledge Publisher.Peon.J and Ordas (2005), The Learning Organization,International JournalWorld Bank Staff (2003), Lifelong Learning in the Global Knowledge Economy Challenges for developing Countries, World Bank Publications.James D. Wolfensohn (1999), World Bank PublicationsGupta, Jatinder (2003), Creating Knowledge Based Organizations.Idea Group Publishing,USA.Handbook for the core performance management (2005)Ohio State University, USA.

Single Unemployed Mothers (Demographic Paper) Essay Example for Free

Single Unemployed Mothers (Demographic Paper) EssayA produce is a tough business organisation at hand, exclusively thinks for a second about a arrest who is lazy as well as a get down with an absent p arent the issue is many a nonher(prenominal) within one. The state of Michigan is experiencing an all-time high amplification of idle good deal, suffering in meagreness. The chief at hand is how the demographic issue is affecting the society, relatively the health care market. Identify object lens populationThe demographics of the topic individual(a) trifling comes within our nation as of 2008 were 84. 5 million and 9.9million were bingle moms with no help from the absent parent, according to the 2008 Census Bureau. However a hotshot unemployed mother in Michigan has been, and is currently a huge growing issue. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics the highest unemployed mothers are the minority, African Americans women, and Hispanic women. The report stated which single unemployed African American mothers add-on within June till July from 11.8 percent to 12.9 percent whereas the statistics for single unemployed Hispanics were 11 percent to 12.1 percent. The following statistics is ground within the demographic population of the state of Michigan. However when you break the statistics down to a city, the numbers seems walk-to(prenominal) to reality. In saying youre able to comprehend the issue at hand a daub much Maternal and babe Well-Being Michigan. (2011, July 8).Gathered Information about the PopulationStatistics on single unemployed mothers within in the city of Grand Rapids Michigan reports, from the Institute for Research on privation states that the increase of meagerness is rising extremely high in Grand Rapids. The League of Human service states that 40% of births in Grand Rapids are to unwed mothers researched in 2010. However the percentage has increased from 2010 to 2012 by 20 percent. This goes into explaining the demographics further, in which reports out of every 3 births, 2 of which are to an unwed moms aging in her early 20s Mothers by the Numbers. (2012, September 17).Demographics effects the HealthCare marketAccording to the Kids suppose of Michigan, unmarried woman are more likely to give birth into poverty, born in poverty may lead to health problems as well as educational problems. Living within poverty affects the soul enduring the process as well as others. Being poor and less hapless affects the healthcare economy, by increase the vaulting horse amount for healthcare coverage. Not whole does it increase the dollar amount for covering services/ treatments for those that are not able to afford, but it also puts a call for on the services, the physicians, and providers. The increase of Medicaid is looking as if we may enter a debt that no one is pay back for. The demand for healthcare is vital, the government is doing the best to their ability, and thus far it is making yo unger people with a job work harder. As a result of them working harder, the taxes they pay into is going to those that are less fortunate. In my opinion to this topic, Im fearful that the government is paying close attention to our debt and healthcare needs, and am totally excluding the attention our education needs. Overall the general effect of single unemployed mothers have on the healthcare market is that, because of the current demographics of the population the healthcare market has to work harder to stay out of debt.Changes in the population may help the healthcare marketIn 2009 Obama stated that he wanted to mint up a plan to target the Department of Education to increase the financial aid packages for unemployed people so that they can get ahead, while still unemployed. The plan was to increase the pell-grant, so that the people that qualify can have extra funds to care for other things such as aesculapian and housing expenses. The pell-grant was to increase from $500 to $5,350 as of May 2009. It three years later and Obama kept his word, however it has not drastically made a difference in Michigan.Michigan has made changes far as schedules reaching out to help single unemployed mothers, such as Michigan plant/educational schedules, food assistance programmes, housing assistance, and also funding to cover child care expenses. Michigan Works is an education program that provides educational job trainings, skill building, it is an overall resource center. The food low-level program provided by the Human Services grant, is a program in which provides an additional funds to those that qualify for more food funding for their child within the school year, as well as the summer. Housing assistant is a program that provides housing expense vouchers, to cover the funding of rent to those that qualify. However this particular program is tedious, the waiting list to receive such a voucher is extremely high, the wait on rough list are years behind. So in saying the changes that have been made are not helping the healthcare market by much.Identify HealthCare Related ChangesSome changes that have been place within Grand Rapids collect to the issue of single unemployed mothers are longer lines in the taking into custody rooms, the increase amount of citizens on Medicaid, the increase amount of discrimination from providers because of Medicaid, and lastly the cost of them both. The increase of hint room visits is due to the fact that so many people lack healthcare coverage, in a result of the E.R visit is due to having no family physician. The second healthcare related change that has been identified is, the increasing amount of citizens applying for Medicaid. The demand of Medicaid is so high, that the government is screening everyone to figure out who needs the assistant the most. rotter you imagine someone getting declined for coverage, due to the fact that the government may assume that he or she can afford to pay other healthc are insurance rather than governmental assistance? What if this person is overlooked and their assistance went to an illegal immigrant, but in actuality they really needed the help, but were overlooked Providers are now discriminating against those that have Medicaid. Providers are screening the intake of those that have governmental funding due to the fact that the expenses the government is willing to pay, is far from the rate they charge. So in saying when they accept a patient who has Medicaid they are losing money Michigan State Medical confederacy Legislative Meeting (2013, February 13).A Chronic Disease Wellness ProgramConducting a chronic disease wellness program may affect the demographic cost, in a positive way. Most wellness programs are free of charge, so it would not hurt for a single unemployed mom to attend a program of such. The program of educating mothers of such a thing may bring the healthcare cost down. Practicing good eating and employment habits may bring th e emergency visits down, in which will bring the demand of services down. Not only is this programming an incentive for the economy, but it is also a networking incentive for employment. When people gather together you may not know who is among you that can help the next person.Marketing NeedsDealing with such a demographic as this, marketing to this type of population tells us that it would have to be creative. Marketing by telephone or the internet may be tricking, due to the fact that the population is a single unemployed parent. Having a telephone and or the internet is not at the top of the priority list, so in saying many may not posse these things. So advertising and marketing should be by mail, on the news, and visual billboards.Addressing Challenges to the populationThe society could continue to express the issues about single unemployed mothers. Not only to continue to get the word out about the struggle their enduring but stressing the fact that employment is needed in th is area of Grand Rapids Michigan. In conclusion, it is noble to help those in need. Being a mother is a tough job at hand, but think for a second about a mother that is unemployed as well as a mother with an absent parent the issue is many within one. The state of Michigan is experiencing an all-time high increase of unemployed people, suffering in poverty. The question at hand is how the demographic issue is affecting the society, relatively the healthcare market. The moral of the reading is how can you play a part or how can u be a servant of God and help those who are less fortunate than you?Reference varletUnemployment hits single mothers, minority women hardest. (2010, August 24). Retrieved from MLIVE Grand Rapids Press websitehttp//www.mlive.com/news/grandrapids/index.ssf/2010/08/unemployment_hits_single_mothe.htmlMichigan State Medical Society Legislative Meeting. (2013, February 13). Retrieved from Kent County Medical Society Allience website http//www.kcmsalliance.org/legis lative.htmlMothers by the Numbers. (2012, September 17). Retrieved from Info Please website http//www.infoplease.com/spot/momcensus1.htmlMaternal and Infant Well-Being Michigan. (2011, July 8). Retrieved from Institute of Research Poverty websitehttp//www.irp.wisc.edu/dispatch/2011/07/08/maternal-and-infant-well-being-michigan

Canterbury tale and medieval art Essay Example for Free

Canterbury tale and chivalrous art EssayTale and Art in middle Ages The Middle Ages have been regarded as extending rough from the end of fifth century AD to 1600s. The Middle Ages were a society significantly more civilize and developed than previous times. Some sections of Italian society had begun to mimic the art and philosophy of ancient Greece, barely commonly in Italy and Europe, gener completelyy no all-pervading change had occurred. The Canterbury Tale is a story written by Geoffrey Chauser in Middle English.It is the story of a group of thirty people who are all from contrasting occupation. They told each other stories to kill time when traveling to Canterbury. In the Canterbury Tale, an illustration of the Medieval Christian perform is presented. When talking ab break through the church, it cant be considered separately. The church has to always be related to social, economic and governmental context of that period because people in that society gather in group s, make religious and church. save those people create these tales of a pilgrimage of Canterbury.One of the stories in the Canterbury Tale, The Pardoners Tale, is the story of churchs corruption. The story was made to hoax the Western Schism, churchs greed. At the time when the tale was written, the church was corrupted by spread of the unrestricted deal of indulgences by pardoners. Popes sold the indulgences, which were suppose to forgive peoples nefariousnesss. The Pardoner, the main character in the Pardoners Tale preaches to villagers about sin and collects money. When telling the story, the Pardoner gives an example f three rioters who commit sins and show what happened because of them committing sins.He uses this story to mark morals to the audience, however, it is ironic that even if the Pardoner is kind of a bishop who gives sermons to the villagers, he is as corrupted as the rioters. His purpose is to gather money from the villagers, not to correct the sins. Chaucer us ed a certain character homogeneous Pardoner in the Pardoners Tale, to represent one of the many popes who were ruined by greed. I chose this art character depicting Chaucers Pardoners tale. It is a carved wooden anel made of Elmwood with scenes from the story.It is describing the part when the three rioters found gold. They plotted how to divide it but their greed to get it all themselves caused their downfall. The left- arrive at panel shows a man buy wine and putting poison in it to kill the other rioters, so that he could take all the gold. In the central panel, the other two attack the man who comes with the wine, and stab him to death. In the right hand panel the murderous pair sit down and drink the poisoned wine. Eventually, their greed leads all of them to their death.This art give describes the story so precisely that people who lived in that era, who were illiterate, could have been able to understood what Chaucer wanted to say, and fgure out what was wrong about churc h by looking at the art works. After they get mindful of the churchs corruption and popes they were into, by learning through the story from the artworks, people might have tried to honour solution for the corrupted situation. In this way, it can be said that artwork might have be in giving people in that period, a new perspective tor what they were believing at.

How advertisement effects peoples lives Essay Example for Free

How advert effects hoi pollois lives Es understandAs Americans we ar exposed to advertisings eitherday. pile are pressured from every direction by advertisements which exploit their deepest fears, attractions, reads, and desires, shaping their behaviors, goals, and thoughts. They are led into believing false information and promises that are mostly never kept, all for the simple reason of selling the product and making profit. We see advertisements everywherein magazines and newspapers, on the radio, on TV, online, in the mail, even over the phone.These advertisements use the basic ideas of either providing an elite status with the stubbornness of the product, or giving a sense of belonging to a group or community. Since the recent war machine activity in Iraq and Afghanistan, a nonher ever present idea has been made prominent and that is using patriotism to evoke peoples desires. Americans are persuaded into geting un requirement items everyday however, we need to realize that no matter what advertisements say we should purchase items for their usefulness, non to fill voids in our lives, so we can help eliminate the problem we cause today of being a materialistic society.The patriotic theme affecting peoples hearts, minds and senses, is comm hardly use to check them into purchasing things. Since everyone has love for their country, using it to sell products is a brilliant idea, merely I believe this is a bad practice. It substantiates people believe they are not ideal Americans, nor are they similar to the people some them if they do not buy that product. The Palmolive advertisement, in Seeing and Writing 2, is a key example, it appeals to the wives of the men at war in World War II (417). On the top of this advertisement there are three medals which contain picture of three different men in their uniforms and the words For Him appear close to each picture.In the lower part of the advertisement there is a woman feel up at these medal s and above her head are the words, I pledge myself to guard every bit of watcher that he cherishes in me, and finally in the background there are several faces of women in addition looking towards the medals. This advertisement is basically communicating to the wives the idea of guarding their beauty, by using this soap, just like their husbands are guarding their country. The wry fact is that soap cannot make someone beautiful, nor do people lose their beauty if they do not use the correct brand of soap. This advertisement is connecting a heroic and patriotic actto one used for mere beauty, in order to sell the soap.The Palmolive advertisement was run in 1943, but a much current advertisement which uses similar attributes is Chevrolet and its slogan for its recent line of cars, An American Revolution. This slogan is always pose on a blue sky background and the writing is in bold white letters, shut out for the E in Revolution, this letter is written in red ink. So when you c ome across this slogan, not altogether does the slogan sound patriotic to you, it also appears to be patriotic because it incorporates the red, the white and the blue.This phrase says to its consultation that every American is buying and driving a Chevy car and so should they. Another dot that could be interpreted out of this advertisement is that since the U.S. is currently at war and fighting a change against terrorism, a person living in the U.S. can participate in this patriotic revolution by purchasing a Chevrolet. This would be true only if Chevrolet was funding the war, instead of the US government.Along with this, some other advertisement that exploits this concept was the Netzero advertisement run during the time before the elections. In this advertisement the spokesman was running for chairman under the alias of Candidate Zero. His main goal was to provide cheaper and faster internet to every family and household. In order to get peoples attention, this clever idea w as used, and it certainly worked on people like me. Viewers could also connect the advertisement with the actual presidential race and that way the product of the advertisement was stuck in their certain awareness. The whole patriotic theme is strange because the connection between patriotism and the product does not make the product function break off, so why do we feel obligated to pay attention to the advertisement and even purchase that product.Along with patriotism another concept used widely is the elitism the product brings to people with its self-will. As Jack Solomon wrote in his essay Masters of Desire, We Americans dream of rising to the highest degree the crowd, of attaining a complaisant summit beyond the reach of ordinary citizens (1). He is basically saying that Americans want to be better then the people aroundthem and this belief is what marketers feast on, creating status symbols like Rolex, Mercedes, BMW, etc. One advertisement that crosses my mind in terms o f using elitism would be the new U2 iPod Special Edition advertisement. This promotes an iPod with a benighted cover and laser engraved signatures of the U2 band members everything else is similar to a regular iPod whereas, the price is $50 more. People are led into believing that the U2 iPod is better than the regular one only because it is endorsed by U2.Another wry detail is that a normal iPod itself is a product of elitism, because even though it has similar functions to a Sony or any other MP3 player, it costs $100 more only because it comes with the signature white headphones. These headphones, unique only because an iPod come equipped with them, puddle made themselves and the iPod a status symbol. Most people only buy an iPod because they want the headphones to show the illusion of superiority and uniqueness. Solomon says, The explanation is quite simple when an object (or puppy) either costs a lot of money or requires influential connections to possess, anyone who possess es it must also possess the necessary means of influence to acquire it (3). This explains why the white headphones have made the iPod a status symbol, since its shows possession of an expensive item, even though rationally speaking the color of the headphones does not make the iPod function better, they only make it different.Solomon also talks about another part of the American Dream, in which belonging to a group is important. The Chevrolet slogan connects us to the entire American population the iPod connects us to other owners of an iPod, and so on. We need a sense of connection and belonging, fill uping our need for attention and affection. Abraham Maslow, a founder of humanistic psychology, created a trilateral in which he placed a persons needs in the order they needed to be fulfil and the need for love and belonging was the third basic need. Disillusioned by the advertisements, people try to fulfill this need by buying the products. This proves that using this theme adver tisers are able to affect the person on much deeper levels then recognizable, yet by no means does the product itself become more useful.It is graspable that advertisers need to appeal to people in order tosell their product and that is why they use these tactics, but what is not understandable is while knowing the truth people believe the hoaxes and let advertisements dictate what they are going to buy. People need to realize that products should not be used to fulfill our weaknesses they should be consumed ground on our needs, because companies will keep manufacturing status symbols until we accept that products and items are only materialistic and we can never attain all the luxury items around us. We are scammed into buying false promises everyday, after we realize that we have a choice against it, we can choose not to let advertisements or minor details about the product like the endorsements, or the color of headphones, or the catchy slogan persuade us into buying a certain item.

Social class Essay Example for Free

kindly path tasteSocial illuminate indeed does make a distinction in the lives and future lives of American chelaren. In his works, Lareau draws on a comprehensive and carefully observations of white and black nerve- sectionalization and working and poor families crack a dramatic portrait of childhood in the modern world. The social partitioning that a child finds him/her in decides whether he/she will achieve the desirable American vision. Parenting and childhood differ with social figure a social sieve discrepancy influences the speed and rhythm of daily life. The social separate in which the parent belongs to impact significantly on the way the parent will bring up his/her children. Social physical body creates a unique parenting style. Parents differ by class in the way they describe their take task in their childrens lives as well as how they understand the environment of upbringing. The middle class parents tend to con straining to a ethnic logic of childbearin g which we call concerted cultivation. They attempt to labor their childrens talents by use of planned free time activities and general reasoning.They also support their children to pop off involved in various age-specific planned activities that govern family life and generate huge labor, especially for mothers. The parents personate these activities as a way of conveying essential life skills to their children (Lareau 20). Middle class parents lay accent mark on the use of language and development of reasoning and use of conversation as they favored phase angle of discipline. Middle class parents discuss with their children at length seeking their opinions and encouraging their ideas.Their dodge involves direct expenses same the cost of buying equipment for plating with their children and indirect expenses for example the expenses involved in taking off contribute to spend with their children. They get involved in sports, music and educational activities. This kind of nurt uring creates diversity of experiences for children and generates an anxious stride for parents, leads to individualism amidst the family and emphasizes on childrens performance.Working class and poor parents engage in a cultural logic of achievement of natural growth, providing the conditions under which children can develop while leaving the children free to convey the kind of activities to engage in during their free time. The childrearing approaches for employed class and unemployed emphasize on the wideness of natural growth. These parents believe their children will grow and succeed provided they are given food, love and safety. They do non center on building up their childrens particular talents (Lareau 32).Working parents make use orders sort of than logic. There is no much talking in lives of employed parents. Parents to children discussion in working class is so minimal.. Parents tend to use stiff commands and expect quick positive answers. infantren who disobey pare nts orders expect to be punished. Working parents are inclined to issue more than orders to their children and put more sift on physical discipline as compared to middle class parents. Workingclass children engage in few planned picnic activities as compared to children whose parents are in the middle class.Working parents do non monitor their childrens free time and activities they totally intervene in specific areas such as dressing, meal times and chores They also prepare more free time and hence more leaden and stronger ties with their extended families (Hart and Todd 19). On the other side children in middle class have weaker social ties collectable to the fact that they get engaged in adult-organized activities. The busy and strict childrens schedules found among middle class families make it hard to arrange and attend regular extended family get together.Their parents also tend to form weak rather than strong ties by having social networks that acknowledge profession als only. Working parents not likely to include professionals in their social networks but are more likely to speak with their kin on a daily routine than their friend. Their children interact with different age groups which include their cousins and children in their neighborhood. Despites differences in values between the two classes, there are disparities amongst parents and children behavior.A difference in cultural logic gives parents and their children differential resources in their interactions with professionals and other adults away from family line. Working parents are more skeptical to professionals such as doctors and teachers than middle class guardians. They also display reverence of the potent individuals in the society as gibed to their counterpart. Middle class parents are better armed to exercise power over other teanagers compared to working parents (Lareau 41).Working class parents teach their children to keep themselves away from those occupying high places in the society, to be distrustful of institutions and to some extend to oppose official authority. These make the children to absorb the adults feeling of subjection in their society relationships (Hochschild 17). The middle class children enjoy fortunate lives they live in large houses, some have swimming pool, virtually children have their consume bedrooms with some with computers and varied kinds of toys.They also tend to enjoy their holidays as they flew out of the rural area in airplanes and travel by sports car one or two hours from home to participate in their activities (Hofferth and John 33). The employed class children display a sense of restraint in their relations with powerful figures in society. They are not likely to try to tailor interactions to favor their own choices. They blindly adjust to accept actions of persons in authority. Employed parents appear not to be aware of their childrens school part for example when they children are not doing assignments.They believe that the academic issues should be payled only by the teachers. Due to fear of intimidation by authority figures, they fear teaching their children the wrong things. They perceive school and home as separate worlds. They also dismiss school rules as irrational. middle-class working parents consider themselves equal or at times superior to their children teachers. They walk in and out of classrooms comfortably as though they have the right and freely ask for their children to be included in certain school programs and more specifically try to modify the school experience to favor their children.The fact that school use specific linguistic structure, authority models and form of syllabus which the children from middle/upper children are familiar with gives them a home gain. School official themselves acknowledge the use of concerted cultivation being members of the middle-class themselves they believe that concerted cultivation is the right way to bring up children. Lareau never praise one parenting style as opposed to the other. Both taking care of children have their own demerits and merits.For example, Middle class children are only taught the rules superseding relations with official figures but are not taught on important social skills such as planning their free time hours during weekends or holidays or even on how to associate with adults in a subordinate manner. Middle class children have also learned from their parents to make things work in their own advantage at the expense of others. For example, they make special request to teachers to change time-tables to house their desires (Lareau 47). Each strategy of childrearing makes sense in its own setting.All these disparities in parenting style have some long term consequences. It has been observed that the approaches utilized by parents and children are not uniformly successful across classes. However, our society emphasizes on the importance of skills learned from the concerted cultivation than those learned through the achievement of natural growth. When working-class children behave from childhood to adulthood, they find that the ability to be organized and to be eloquent are appreciated more than the skills to operate outside formal organization, placing them at a lesser competitive advantage.Parents sparing resources play a major role in determining the kind of parenting style the parent adapts. Middle-class parents are advantaged to have access to resources as opposed to their counterparts. For example the middle class parents sees the enrollment fees aerated in school as small while for the working class it is really expensive. Middle class parents are able to pay for expensive clothes for their children, buy them equipment to play with, pay for their hotel accommodations when far from home during vacations, afford to buy them fast food and summer camps.Middle-class parents have dependable private elbow room of transportation and flexible working schedules w hich enable them to spend more time with their children. Educational resources also play an important role in parenting styles. Middle class high level of education gave them an upper hand when it comes to facilitating concerted cultivation and especially in institutional involvement. This also bestow in them assurance of criticizing educational professionals and prevailing in school issues. Where as employed parents view teachers as their social superiors.Works CitedHart, B. and Todd, R.Significant Disparities in the Daily Practices of Young Children. Baltimore Paul H. Brookes, 1996. Hochschild, J. Looking Into the American Reality Race, Class and the Spirit of the Country. Princeton Princeton University Press, 1995. Hofferth, S. and John, S. How American Family employ Their Free Time. Journal of Marriage and the Family Relations 63(4), 2001. 295-308 Lareau, Annette. Invisible Disparity Social Class and Child nurturing in Black Families and White Families. American Sociological Ev aluation, 67(2002) 747-776. Lareau, Annette. Unequal Upbringing Class, Race, and Family Life. Berkeley California Press, 2003.

The Giver by Lois Lowry Essay Example for Free

The Giver by Lois Lowry EssayUsing specific examples from the book equalize and contrast Jonas world with your world. Jonas lives in a peaceful and structured union where people follow rules and instructions without hesitation (p.1). Most instructions and reprimands be transmitted over the loudspeakers that argon placed around the community (pp.2, 22-23, 37). In Jonas world, children are born to Birthmothers (pp. 21, 53) and are raised in the nurturing center with other newborn infants. Children are given a name and a number and are assigned to couples (p. 13) who are only allowed to demand two children, a male and a female (p.8). Underweight infants (pp.148-150), maladaptive citizens (p.7), people who break rules (pp.2 and 9) and the older people (pp.7, 28, 31-32) are released from the society.Children are well behaved and they are not allowed to ride the bicycle until they turn 9 (p.13). From eight to eleven years of age, children are required to do volunteer work (pp.26 and 45) and at twelve, they are given their assignments or careers as new adult members of the community (pp.53-60). People in the community cannot happen upon colors (p.95) nor feel pains (p.110) and love (p.126-127) because they chose sameness (p.95). In our world, we have the liberty to choose our professions and our spouses.Parents nourish and give birth to their own children. Couples can have as much children as they want. We are up to(p) to diversity and we accept individual differences. The law in our society does not permit the practice of euthanasia on children with congenital abnormalities as well as the elderly people. Although we are governed by laws, we are not expected to behave in a structured manner. Most people have the capability to forgather the colors of our environment, to experience joy, sadness, love and pain.How does the author Lowry use imagery to describe snow and war? In describing the snow, Lois Lowry use imagery that relates to the visual, tactile a nd kinesthetic sensation of the body, e.g. sight of a bright, whirling torrent of crystals in the air (p.81), feeling of cold air and snowflakes on Jonas skin and tongue (p.80-81, 92), and the sensation of going downward-sloping on a sled (pp.81-82, 92). Since Jonas has received so many memories in the past, he was asked to share the odious memory of war that was too much for the Giver to endure (p.118).The imagery used by Lowry in describing war is more detailed. The images appeal to our five senses the sight of several groaning men on the field (p118), a boy in uniform glistering with wet, fresh blood (p.119) and witnessing men and animals die (p.120) the scent of the queasy place (p.118) the sense of hearing the thud of cannons and people begging for water (p.119-120) and the sense of touch or feeling as Jonas hold the metal container of water and feel the excruciating pain in his outgrowth (p.119).